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Glossary terms chapter 12
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Direct current (DC)
Current in which charged particles travel through a circuit in only one direction
Alternating current
Current in which electrons move back and forth in a circuit
Transformer
An electrical device that changes the size of the potential difference of alternating current
Circuit breaker
A safety device that is placed in series with other circuits, which lead to appliances and outlets
limits the amount of current to a set value
Fuse
Found in older buildings and appliances
A safety device that is placed in series with other circuits, which lead to appliances and outlets
limits the amount of current to a set value
need to be replaced each time
Electrical power
The rate at which an appliance uses electrical energy
Watt (W)
A unit of electrical power
Joule/second
Kilowatt (kW)
A practical unit of electrical power
1 kW = 1000 W
Electrical energy
the energy that is used by an appliance at a given setting
power rating of appliance × length of time it is used
Kilowatt-hour (kW•h)
the practical unit of electrical energy
EnerGuide label
a label that gives details about how much energy an appliance uses in one year of normal use
Smart meter
a meter that records the total electrical energy used hour by hour and sends this information to the utility company automatically
time of use pricing
a system of pricing in which the cost of each kW•h of energy used is different at different times of the day
Phantom load
The electricity that is consumed by an appliance or device when it is turned off
appliances with clocks have a phantom load
Efficiency
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input as a percentage
=useful energy output/total energy input × 100%
Base load
The continuous minimum demand for electrical power
met with Nuclear and hydroelectric generated energy
Hydroelectric power generation
The generation of electrical power using a source of moving water
Intermediate Load
A demand for electricity that is greater than the base load and is met by burning coal and natural gas
Peak load
The greatest demand for electricity, which is met by burning natural gas and using hydroelectric power
Renewable energy source
A source of energy that can be generated in a relatively short period of time
Non-renewable energy source
A source of energy that cannot be replaced as quickly as it is used
Solar energy
Energy that is directly converted from the sun into electricity
Photovoltaic effect
The generation of a direct current when certain materials are exposed to light.
Biomass energy
Energy that is generated from plant and animal matter
Author
MaximFrumkin
ID
287892
Card Set
Glossary terms chapter 12
Description
SCIENCE glossary terms
Updated
2014-11-04T00:11:20Z
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