assignment 7 fluro

What is the minimum source-to-skin distance for a fixed (stationary) fluoroscope & radiographic unit?

What is the minimum source-to-skin distance for a mobile fluoroscope & radiographic unit?

Primary protective barriers, if in the wall, must extend to what height?

The protective curtain hanging from the fluoro tower must contain at least how much lead equivalent?

The expsoure switch on a portable x-ray machine must be attached to a cord that is at least how long?

Leakage radiation from a diagnostic x-ray may not exceed

To within what percent of the SID must the collimator light and the actual light area be accurate?

An x-ray machine operating at potentials above 70 kVp require how much total tube filtration?

Where should a flat contact shield be placed during a fluoroscopic procedure?

What principle means that radiographer's do what is possible to keep doses to patients and themselves at minimal levels?

What is positive beam limitation?

Why does the use of cone increase patient dose?

From a radiation protection standpoint, what is the purpose of filtration?

Define half-value layer

A fluoroscopy timer must make an audible noise after how much beam-on time?

What is a dead-man type switch?

Table top dose can not exceed what limit?

What does it mean to have intermittent fluoroscopy?

A lead apron of @ least how much lead equivalent must / shall be worn?A lead apron of how much lead equivalent should be worn?

Which of the following is not a consideration in determining exposure factors?

1-The effective atomic numbers of the tissues involved
2-The desired balance of radiographic density and contrast
3-The type and quality of filtration used
4-The weight of any shielding devices

How does the use of a grid affect patient dose?
1-Dramatically reduces patient dose
2-Increases patient dose
3-Has no effect on patient dose
4-Affects patient dose only with repeat radiographs

How can patient exposure be limited during fluoroscopic procedures?
1-Use protective shields to protect areas not of clinical interest
2-Properly collimate to limit the x-ray beam to only the area of clinical interest
3-Ensure selection of the proper exposure factors
4-All of the above

When is an embryo-fetus at least risk from radiation exposure?
1-First trimester
2-Second trimester
3-Third trimester
4-Equal throughout pregnancy

Who is responsible for limiting the x-ray beam during a radiographic examination?
1-The ordering physician
2-The director of radiology
3-The equipment manufacturer
4-The technologist performing the examination

Added filtration for use in the radiographic beam is placed between which of the following?
1-Protective housing and the collimator
2-Patient and the receptor
3-Table and the patient
4-None of the above

A wedge compensating filter is often used for imaging which of the following?
1-Chest
2-Foot
3-Head
4-Sinuses

What is the major disadvantage of a shadow shield?
1-Cost
2-Discomfort
3-Inconvenience
4-It cannot be used during fluoroscopy

In the design of protective structural shielding, what type of radiation is most hazardous and most difficult to protect against?
1-Scatter radiation
2-Leakage from the x-ray tube
3-Secondary radiation
4-Primary radiation

What is the best location for the control panel exposure switch?
1-On a short cord directly outside the door to the room where the radiographic equipment is located
2-On a very long cord outside the room where the radiographic equipment is located
3-On the wall next to the door inside the room where the radiographic equipment is located
4-Either stationary on the control panel or on a short cord so that it can be used only from within the control booth

When considering the occupancy of rooms and areas, what does general public refer to?
1-Visitors
2-All of the above
3-Patients
4-Personnel who do not work with radiographic equipment

Why are secondary barriers always given a use factor of 1?
1-Scatter radiation and leakage radiation are always present when the tube is energized
2-The primary beam is not directed at them
3-They are constructed of less-protective material than are primary barriers
4-It is impossible to accurately calculate use, so 1 is used as a safety factor

What are primary protective barriers?
1-Those at which the primary beam is directed
2-Those in the waiting room
3-Those in areas occupied by imaging personnel
4-Those bordering other occupied space

What is the most common protective barrier material used in primary barriers?
1-Wood
2-Multiple layers of gypsum board
3-Lead sheets bonded to wood or sheet rock
4-Lead glass

What are primary protective barriers?
1-Those at which the primary beam is directed
2-Those in the waiting room
3-Those in areas occupied by imaging personnel
4-Those bordering other occupied space

Who is the best choice when someone is needed to hold a patient during a radiographic exam?
1-Any person who has been trained in the radiologic sciences
2-A radiographer
3-A young person within reproductive years
4-An older relative or friend

During a mobile radiographic examination, if the factors of distance and shielding are equal, where should the radiologic technologist stand in relation to the primary beam scattering object line?
1-At a 25-degree angle
2-At a 90-degree angle
3-At a 45-degree angle
4-At a 75-degree angle

When are Bucky slot covers and protective curtains used?
1-During all radiographic procedures
2-During mammographic procedures
3-During mobile radiographic procedures
4-During fluoroscopic procedures

The cumulative timer is used in fluoroscopy to ensure the radiologic technologist is aware of which of the following?
1-The total beam on time
2-The total time per week the unit is used
3-The exposure used
4-His/her total exposure

It is the responsibility of a female radiologic technologist who is planning a pregnancy or becomes pregnant to inform her supervisor of that fact at which of the following times?
1-As soon as she finds out she is pregnant
2-Before the end of the first trimester of pregnancy
3-Before the end of the second trimester of pregnancy
4-When she decides she wants to have children

Why are additional protective measures required in fluoroscopic procedures?
1-Patients must always be immobilized by the radiation worker during the procedure
2-Fluoroscopic procedures are rare
3-Most radiographers are unfamiliar with fluoroscopic procedures
4-The risk of exposure in fluoroscopic procedures is higher than in most other radiographic procedures

When should lead-equivalent gloves of 0.25 mm lead or equivalent be worn to protect the hands of the radiologic technologist?
1-When the hands might be in the x-ray beam
2-Whenever mobile radiographic equipment is used
3-During all radiographic procedures
4-During all fluoroscopic procedures

If there are concerns about maintaining the sterility of a wound / area during a radiographic exam, which device can be used?
1-flat contact shield
2-gonad shield
3- shaped contact shield 
4-shadow shield

In most cases, control booth barriers in fixed radiographic rooms are built with primary barrier walls
true or false

In terms of occupacny factor, parking lots, elevators and stairways are considered to be 
1-controlled areas 
2-un controlled areas

In determining barrier thickness, what does the use factor respresent?
1-the use of the space behind the primary barrier
2-the fractional amount of time the primary beam is energized and directed at a barrier
3-the direction of the control booth barrier in relation to the primary beam
4-the direction of the scatter radiation from the primary beam