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what is Newton's first law of motion?
an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net force
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change in position in relation to a reference point
motion
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speed
- rate of motion
- distance traveled per unit of time
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calculation of speed
speed = distance/time
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Sound travels 330 m/s. If a lightning bolt strikes the ground 1 m away from you, how long will it take for you to hear it?
330 s
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Your friend skates at a speed of 4 m/s. You can skate 100 m in 20 s. Who skates faster?
you do
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speed at a given instant
instantaneous speed
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average speed equals?
total distance/total time
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speed that doesn't change over time
constant speed
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speed that is not constant
changing speed
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speed in a given direction
velocity
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can velocity change even when the speed is constant?
yes
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distance and direction of an object's change of position from a starting point
displacement
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a runner runs a distance of 50 m in one direction and then 30 m in the opposite
displacement = ?
20 m
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acceleration
- the rate of change of velocity
- change in speed or direction
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positive acceleration
speeding up
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negative acceleration
slowing down
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A roller coaster starts down a hill at 10 m/s. Three seconds later, its speed is 32 m/s. What is the roller coaster's acceleration?
7.3 m/s2
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how long will it take a car traveling 30 m/s to come to a stop if its acceleration is -3 m/s2?
10 s
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straight line on a graph?
constant speed
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flat line on a graph?
no motion
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steeper slope on a graph?
faster speed
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how is acceleration indicated on a distance-time graph?
by a curve
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changing slope = ?
changing velocity
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acceleration occurs when an object's ___ changes
speed
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when an object speeds up, it has ___ acceleration
positive
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when an object's final velocity is less than its initial velocity, it has ___ velocity
negative
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formula for acceleration?
A = Vf - Vi /T
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___ is always on the X-axis
time
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the further to the right, the ___
longer time
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___ is always on the Y-axis
distance
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the higher up the graph, the ___
further we are
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what does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?
something isn't moving
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what does a straight line with a positive slope indicate?
steady speed
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when the motion of 2 objects is plotted on the same graph, how can you tell which one has the greater speed?
steeper incline
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how do you tell if the speed of an object is constant?
constant gradient
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what does the horizontal line on a speed-time graph indicate?
constant speed
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what is the Y-axis on a speed-time graph?
speed
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what does a straight line with a positive slope indicate?
acceleration
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what does a straight line with a negative slope indicate?
acceleration
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when the speed of 2 objects is plotted on the same graph, how can you tell which one has the greater acceleration?
steeper gradient
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how can a speed-time graph be used to find the distance of an object?
speed x time
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how can a speed-time graph be used to find the acceleration of an object?
speed/time
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what is deceleration?
slowing down
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