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What is a protocol?
Agreed rules of communication and behaviour
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What are the network layers IP stack in order?
- 5. Application
- 4. Transport
- 3. Network
- 2. Data Link
- 1. Physical
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What is the physical layer?
The medium through which signals travel
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What is the Data Link Layer
Layer 2. Talks to nodes which you can reach without an intermediary (formats messages correctly and sends to physical layer)
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What is the addressing mechanism for the Data Link Layer?
Ethernet, WiFi, infrared, MAC addresses
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What is the Network Layer?
- Network Layer (3) communicates with any host on the 'internet'
- - finds a node closer to destination
- - sends packet in that direction
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What address does Network Layer use?
uses IP or internet protocol
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What is the Transport Layer?
Transport Layer (4) uses connection oriented, stream based protocols
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What addresses do the Transport Layer use?
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
- - connection orientated, stream based
- - in order
- - doesnt move on until current part of stream has been delivered
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
- - connectionless and messaged based
- - unreliable
- - DP faster if dont mind messages going missing without aknowledgement
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What is the Application Layer?
- Application layer (5) is the layer that builds on layer 4
- - SSH, HTTP, bit torrent, Skype
- - Telnet (TCP)
- - netcat (TCP, UDP)
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