Anticipate open-ended questions: "Tell us about yourself. What are your goals?"
Study hypothetical questions: "How would you handle a situation like..."
Generate your own questions
Follow up after the interview
STAR Interview Technique
Situation: Set the context for your story (who, what, where, when, why).
Task: Explain the task you had to complete.
Activity: Describe the actions you took.
Result: Explain the results of your efforts.
Define ingratiation.
Textbook describes as "going above and beyond" at work.
Google: a psychological technique in which an individual attempts to become more attractive or likeable to their target.
We (as employees) seek to manage _______ of others (especially our bosses); Our goal is _______ between how we want to be perceived, and the way they see us.
impressions; congruency
Techniques to manage impressions.
Avoid talking about how much you are doing for the organization
Instead, let others reach those conclusions on their own
If you decide to talk about it, try to mention your work casually
Internal vs. External communication
Internal Communication: Communication that occurs with individuals inside of the organization (i.e. organizational members)
External Communication: Communication that occurs with individuals outside of the organization (i.e. Other businesses, the public, clients, social media).
Apologies
Powerful tools for restoring (even strengthening) relationships
Forgiveness is 2x more likely with an apology
65%-75% of those apologies were associated with improved relational conditions after the apology
Effective Apologies
1) Explain your error
2) Say you’re sorry
3) Promise of forbearance
4) Offer to restore
Top qualities employers seek
Ability to communicate verbally with people inside and outside the organization.
Ability to work in a team structure.
Ability to make decisions and solve-problems.
Ability to plan, organize, and prioritize work.
Ability to obtain and process information.
Ability to sell or influence others.
“Communication skills not only _______ employers’ list of most-desired skills, but also their list of the skills most _______ in new college graduates” (NACE, 2014)
top; lacking
Organizations are the set of _______ that members of groups use to accomplish their _______ and _______ goals.
interactions; individual; common
Two important properties of organizations.
Function
Sctructure
Organizational functions
Production function: communication that coordinates activity toward accomplishing tasks
Maintenance function: communication that preserves the stability of existing systems
Innovation function: communication that facilitates system change
Organizational structures
Recurring patterns of interaction among the members of an organization.
Historically rooted in hierarchy, with messages traveling in one of three ways: Downward, Upward, and Horizontal communication.
Influencing others to hold a view of us similar to the view we desire them to hold.
Congruency
_______ _______ refers to a pattern of shared beliefs, values, and behaviors within a given organization.
Organizational culture
True or False: When you go above and beyond at work, be sure to tell your boss and coworkers about your actions.
False
When apologizing, the statement: “I will ensure that the mistake never happens again” is an example of what?
Promise of forbearance
Organizational Dilemmas
Emotion labor: Specific feelings or displays of emotions required of workers: bedside manner for Nurses
Work/Life Balance: Balancing home and work responsibilities
When one’s emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others.
Social Influence
6 Weapons of Influence (Cialdini, 1984)
1) Reciprocity
2) Scarcity
3) Authority
4) Consistency
5) Liking
6) Consensus (Social Proof)
1) Reciprocity
We should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us.
* Overpowering
* Uninvited debts
* Unequal exchanges
* Reject then Retreat (Door in the face)
2) Scarcity
Opportunities seem more valuable to us when they are less available.
* Limited numbers
* Deadlines
3) Authority
A strong pressure exists to comply with the requests of an authority figure
* Milgram Studies
* Symbols of Authority
* Titles Clothes
* Trappings
Foot-in-the-door
a compliance tactic that involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up by having that person agree to a modest request.
Safe driving signs in yard preceded by safe driving sticker in window.
Door-in-the-face
a compliance method where the persuader attempts to convince the respondent to comply by first making a large request that the respondent will most likely turn down, followed by a modest request that they will then likely accept.
Will you donate $500? No. Will you donate $5? Yes.
The influence principle of reciprocation...
Is overpowering
Triggers uninvited debts
Triggers unequal exchanges
4) Commitment and Consistency
Once we make a choice or take a stand, we will encounter pressures to behave consistently with that commitment
* Active
* Public
* Effortful
* Internally motivated
Foot-in-the-door technique: small sign in window, large sign in yard.
5) Liking
People prefer to say yes to individuals they know and like.
* Physical attractiveness
* Similarity
* Compliments
6) Consensus (Social Proof)
We view a behavior as correct in a given situation to the degree that we see others performing it.
* Uncertainty
* Similarity
* Werther Effect
Worther Effect
A spike of emulation suicides after a widely publicized suicide.
In the Milgram study, about what percentage of people administered all 450 volts to the “learner”?