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what 3 are the base quantities of physics
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The nucleus contains particles called nucleons, of which there are what two types:
protons
neutrons
Electrons
protons and neutrons
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Cosmic rays and radon are classified as what types of radiation
Natural environmental radiation
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Electromagnetic energy includes what types of disturbances in space?
(1) Electric
(2) Magnetic
(3) Mechanical
1 & 2
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Electromagnetic radiation varies in terms of its:
(1) Wavelength
(2) Frequency
(3) Velocity (speed)
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How are anatomic structures that absorb x-ray photons described
attenuated
radiopaque
radiopaque
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If wavelength increases, what happens to frequency?
It increases.
It decreases.
It decreases.
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when Energy radiates matter and removes an orbital electron from the interacted atom what occuring
Ionizing radiation
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Ion pairs only occur when
an orbital electron is separated from the atom during ionizing radiation.
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The law of conservation of matter explains that matter can neither be created nor destroyed but simply ________.
transformed
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What differentiates x-rays from gamma rays?
(1) Energy
(2) Origin
(3) Frequency
2
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What form of natural environmental radiation accounts for the greatest source of human exposure to ionizing radiation?
Radon
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 What is the maximum number of electrons in an N shell if it is the outermost shell of an atom?2n2
8
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a maximum of ___ electrons can exist in the outermost shell of any atom
8
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What kind of energy represents the strength of attachment between the orbiting electrons and the nucleus?
Electron binding energies
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What occurs when atoms of various elements combine?
Molecules
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What occurs when several molecules of the same composition combine?
Element
Compound
Compound
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What standard system of units has been adopted by all countries and is used in all branches of science?
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International System of Units (SI)
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What type of bonding occurs when an electron transfers from one atom to another?
Ionic bonding
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Which electron shell is closest to the nucleus?
K, L, M, N
K
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Which fundamental particle has a neutral charge?
electrons,
neutrons,
protons
neutrons
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_______ have no mass or charge as they travel ionizing air and penetrating matter
Photons
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alpha particles have a _____ charge
positive
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beta particles have a______ charge
negative
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______is not a member of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Beta rays
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Which of the following on the electromagnetic spectrum have the ability to ionize matter?
(1) Infrared
(2) Radiofrequencies
(3) X-rays
(4) Gamma rays
3 and 4 only
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Which shell is furthest from the nucleus and has the least amount of binding energy?
n
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Which term accounts for the number of waves that pass a set point in a set amount of time?
Frequency
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Which type of atom presents with the same number of protons but a varying number of neutrons?
Isotopes
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Which type of atomic bonding is described when two atoms are bonded together by shared electrons revolving around both atoms nucleus?
Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding
Covalent bonding
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what are the two primary ways atoms bond together
- ionic bonding;
- covalent bonding
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Which wave characteristic refers to the height of a wave?
Amplitude
Frequency
Amplitude
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energy emitted and transferred through space is defined as
Radiation
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The orbital electron and the atom from which it was separated are called
an ion pair
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Velocity is a measure of
How fast something is going
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The atomic number of uranium is
96
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Atom's are
electrically neutral
electrically positive
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X-ray's behave like particles and move as photons. This is known as the
wave-particle duality
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Attenuation is
a reduction in the number of primary photons in the x-ray beam
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The smallest possible unit of electromagnetic energy is the
photon
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Electric current is measured in _________.
-
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Electrical potential is measured in ________.
volt
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