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Each pelvic limb consists of...(4)
one half the pelvic girdle, the femur (thigh), tibia and fibula (crus), and the pes (tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges)
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The pelvic girdle is composed of two _______, each of which is formed by the... (4)
os coxae; ilium, ischium, pubis, and acetabular bones
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The os coxae are associated dorsally with the _______ and midventrally united at the _________.
sacrum; pelvic symphasis
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The sciatic nerve crosses over the _______ of the _______ of the pelvic girdle to reach the limb.
greater ischiatic notch; ilium
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Attachment point fot sacrotuberous ligament, crus of the penis, ischiocavernosus m., biceps femoris m., semitendinosus m., and semimembranosus m.
ischiatic tuberosity
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Attachment site for coccygeus m.
ischiatic spine
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Common pelvic fracture site in dogs.
pelvic symphasis
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Attachment site for the transverse acetabular ligament.
acetabular notch
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The largest and heaviest bone in the body.
femur
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Sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius m. and of the popliteus m.
fabella
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The Iliopsoas m. is a combination of the...
Psoas m. and the Iliacus m.
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Iliopsoas m.******
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Lumbar vertebrae (psoas) and craniolateral ilium
- Insertion- lesser trochanter of the femur
- Action- Major hip flexor
- Innervation- Lumbar nn. and Femoral n.
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Tensor Fascia Latae
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- tuber coxae and middle gluteal
- Insertion- lateral femoral fascia, blending with biceps femoris fascia
- Action- hip flexor, stifle extensor
- Innervation- Cranial gluteal n.
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Middle Gluteal *****
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Crest of ilium and gluteal surface of ilium
- Insertion- Greater Trochanter
- Action- Hip extension and abduction, medial rotation of limb
- Innervation- Cranial gluteal n.
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Deep Gluteal
Action-
Innervation-
- Action- Hip extension, hip abduction, medial rotation of limb
- Innervation- Cranial gluteal n.
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The deep gluteal m. is completely covered by the _________.
middle gluteal
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Superficial Gluteal
Action-
Innervation-
- Action- Hip extension, hip abduction
- Innervation- Caudal gluteal n.
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The ____________ muscle attaches to the sacrotuberous ligament.
superficial gluteal
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Biceps Femoris m.*****
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Sacrotuberous ligament and ischiatic tuberosity
- Insertion- patellar ligament, tibia, and tuber calcanei
- Action- extends hip, stifle, and hock; may flex stifle
- Innervation- Sciatic n.
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Semitendinosus m.*****
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Ischiatic tuberosity
- Insertion- body of tibia and tuber calcanei
- Action- hip extensor, stifle flexor, hock extensor
- Innervation- Sciatic n.
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Semimembranosus m.*****
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Ischiatic tuberosity
- Insertion- Distal caudal femur and proximal tibia
- Action- Hip extensor, may flex or extend stifle
- Innervation- Sciatic n.
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The popliteal lymph nodes are between the ____________ and the _________.
biceps femoris m.; semitendinosus m.
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The two major muscles that insert on the common calcaneal tendon; what other 3 muscles also insert?
Major: gastrocnemius m., superficial digital flexor m.; Other: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gracilis mm.
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Sartorius m.
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Cranial part-crest of ilium and thoracolumbar fascia; caudal part- cranial ventral iliac spine and the adjacent ventral border of the ilium
- Insertion- Cranial part- the patella; caudal part- cranial border of the tibia
- Action- to flex the hip; cranial part extends stifle; caudal part flexes stifle
- Innervation- Femoral n.
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Gracilis m.
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- The pelvic symphasis by means of the symphysial tendon.
- Insertion- Cranial border of the tibia and on the tuber calcanei.
- Action- To adduct the limb, flex the stifle, and extend the hip and hock.
- Innervation- Obturator n.
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Pectineus m.
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Iliopubic eminence and the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone via the prepubic tendon.
- Insertion- Distal end of the medial lip of the caudal aspect of the femur.
- Action- To adduct the limb.
- Innervation- Obturator n.
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Adductor n.
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- Origin- Entire pelvic symphasis by means of the symphaseal tendon, adjacent part of the ischiatic arch, ventral surface of pubis and ischium.
- Insertion- The entire lateral lip of the caudal aspect of the femur.
- Action- To adduct the limb and extend the hip.
- Innervation- Obturator n.
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Quadriceps Femoris m.*****
4 Parts-
Origin-
Insertion-
Action-
Innervation-
- 4 Parts- Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
- Origin- Rectus femoris- Body of ilium, Vastus mm.- proximal femur
- Insertion- Tibial tuberosity
- Action- To extend the stifle, necessary for weight-bearing, rectus only- flex the hip
- Innervation- Femoral n.
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The sacroiliac joint provides ________ rather than _________.
stability; mobility
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The sacroiliac joint is from the __________ to the ___________.
ilial wing; sacral wing
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The sacrotuberous ligament is from the ___________ to the ____________.
sacrum and caudal vertebrae; ischiatic tuberosity of the ichium
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Which 3 muscles span the sacroiliac joint?
biceps femoris, superficial gluteal, and middle gluteal mm.
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The pelvic symphasis joins the _______ and ________ from each os coxae.
pubis; ischium
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The hip joint is a _________ joint between the __________ and ___________; its main movements are...
ball-and-socket; acetabulum; head of the femur; flexion and extension
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What are the 2 ligaments involves in the hip joint?
ligament of the femoral head and the transverse acetabular ligament
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What are the 2 types of joint sacs involved in the stifle joint?
femorotibial joint, femoropatellar joint
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The femorotibial joint of the stifle is between the _________ and the __________; the ligaments of this joint are the ____________ and the ______________.
femoral condyles; tibial condyles; medial and lateral collateral ligaments
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Fibrocartilage that is between each femoral condyle and its corresponding tibial condyle within the joint capsule.
medial and lateral menisci of the femorotibial joint
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The meniscofemoral ligament is from the _________ to the __________.
lateral mensci; intercondylar fossa of the femur
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The caudal cruciate ligament of the stifle joint is from the ___________ to the __________.
caudal aspect of the tibia lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle
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The cranial cruciate ligament of the stifle joint is from the ________ to the _______.
cranial aspect of the tibia; medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
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What are the 2 ways to diagnose a cranial cruciate ligament tear in a dog?
cranial drawer test, cranial tibial thrust test
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The femoropatellar ligament extends from the _________ to the _________.
patella; gastrocnemial seamoid on each side
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