Case studies population unit part 2 geography

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  1. What is The Gambia a case study for?
    Youthful populations
  2. What is the name of the river that runs through The Gambia?
    River Gambia
  3. How big is The Gambia?
    10,000 km2
  4. What is the capital city of The Gambia?
    Banjul
  5. Do most Gambians live in urban or rural areas?
    Rural
  6. What percentage of the population of Gambia are 25 years old or younger?
    64%
  7. What is the birth rate in The Gambia?
    43 per 1000
  8. Why do people in The Gambia have such large families? (4)
    • Economic benefit - children can work on land
    • Religion teaches it - contraception is banned
    • Sign of fertility
    • High infant and child mortality rate
  9. What is the IMR in The Gambia?
    73 per 1000
  10. What is the life expectancies for men and women in The Gambia?
    • Men: 53
    • Women: 57
  11. What is the doubling time for the population of Gambia
    Every 28 years (this is exponential growth)
  12. What is the dependency ratio in The Gambia?
    92.3%
  13. What are the advantages of having a fast growing and youthful population? (3)
    • Strong workforce in the future
    • More people paying taxes which can then be spent on infrastructure and services eg schools
    • Might attract international investment due to large workforce
  14. What are the disadvantages of having a fast growing and youthful population? (6)
    • Ageing population in the future
    • Difficult to educate everyone
    • Struggle to find employment
    • Pressure on housing and infrastructure
    • Potential for high crime levels
    • High dependancy ratio
  15. What are the implications of a youthful population when it comes to urbanisation?
    • No sanitation or running water
    • Electricity is expensive
    • No infrastructure
    • Insufficient housing
    • Unemployment and poor wages
  16. What are the implications of a youthful population on overcrowding?
    • Insufficient housing
    • Schools are overcrowded
    • Shortage of teachers and teaching materials
  17. What are the implications of a youthful population when it comes to resolve depletion?
    • Limited books available in schools
    • Not enough toilets available
    • Deforestation and soil erosion
  18. At the current rate of deforestation, how many years is it estimated it will take for The Gambia's forests to disappear?
    40 years
  19. What has been done in The Gambia tried to control its growth rate?
    Introducing affordable contraception campaign by the Gambian Family Planning Organisation
  20. How is contraception made affordable in The Gambia?
    NGO, Futures, subsides the cost of it
  21. Hoe many condoms were bought in eight months of the contraception scheme's introduction?
    half a million
  22. How many children die in The Gambia before their fifth birthday?
    1 in 10
  23. How are the Gambian government going to reduce the infant mortality rate in The Gambia?
    Giving vaccinations to children against easily treatable conditions such as measles
  24. What was the fertility rate in the 1990s?
    7 children per woman
  25. How is the issue of deforestation being managed in The Gambia?
    Introduction of a forest management plan which:

    • Encourages local people to think about overgrazing and deforestation through song and dance
    • Divides land between villages in order for them to manage their own resources
    • Protect certain areas of land for planting new trees
  26. What is the GDP in The Gambia?
    $1,000
  27. What percentage of children are illiterate in The Gambia?
    75% (3 out of 4)
  28. How has the world food programme helped to encourage mothers in The Gambia to send their children to school?
    By providing one meal a day for them at school
  29. By how many a year is the Chinese population increasing by?
    14 million
  30. When was the one child policy introduced?
    1979
  31. What percentage of total world population are Chinese?
    22% (nearly 1 in every 4 people)
  32. Why is population growth in China such a major issue?
    • Strains natural resources
    • Uses up too much national income
  33. What is the average farm size in China?
    50m x 50m
  34. Where in China is there a water shortage and how is that water used?
    In northern China there is a water shortage

    • 50% used in agriculture
    • 25% used in industry
    • 25% other
  35. Where in China is there a water surplus?
    Southern China but the land here is too hilly to farm on
  36. What is the deemed amount of space required to raise sufficient food for a person for a year?
    • 1000m3
    • China is going to fall below this figure by 2025
  37. What is the one child policy?
    An anti-natal population management scheme that rewards couples who only have one child with financial incentives such as free healthcare and education.
  38. What are the recommended ages to marry for males and females in China?
    • Males: 22
    • Females: 20
  39. Is the one child policy one set of rules for all of China or does each province have its own rules ?
    Each province in China is allowed to adopt measures that work best for them based on their population density, available resources and level of economic development
  40. Why is it difficult to enforce the one child policy in rural areas?
    • Children are needed to work on land
    • Children are needed to look after parents
    • Children are seen as symbolic (especially males)
    • There is no need for free education if they are gonna be working on farms
  41. What are the penalties for rural couples who are found to have had more than one child?
    • Removal of livestock
    • Fines
  42. Under what conditions may a couple in China have a second child?
    • If they pay the fine
    • If both parents are single children themselves
    • If their first child is disabled
    • After 5 years if their first child is a girl
  43. The one child policy only applies to the Han race. What percentage of the Chinese population are Han?
    92%
  44. What are the benefits of the one child policy?
    • Policy has prevented approx. 300 million births
    • Fertility rate has dropped from 5.75 (1970) to 1.7 (2000)
  45. What is the ideal population for China?
    300 million
  46. What are the social challenges associated with the one child policy
    • Unemployment, estimated to be 140 million surplus rural workers
    • Pressure on housing, infrastructure, education and transport
    • Fear that only child will become spoilt (little emperors)
    • Distorted male to female ratio 116:100
  47. What are the economic challenges associated with the policy?
    • Reduction in arable land = less space for food production
    • Water shortages
    • Providing for the future Ageing population with high dependancy ratio
  48. What is the one child policy like in Shanghai?
    Couples are allowed to have 2 children because there is a surplus labour issue
  49. Approximately how many unmarried Chinese men will there be by the end of the decade?
    24 million
  50. Is Singapore's management scheme pro or anti natal?
    Pro natal
  51. What is the population of Singapore?
    4.7 million
  52. When was Singapore's pro natalist policy introduced?
    • 1987.
    • From the 1950s up to think point there had been anti-natal policies in Singapore
  53. What was Singapore's pro natalist campaign's slogan?
    "Have three or more if you can afford it"
  54. How much money would a mother get if she had a third child?
    750 SGD
  55. What practices were changed or stopped after the introduction of the pro-natal policy in Singapore?
    • Penalties given to mothers who had multiple children were stopped
    • Abortions were discouraged
    • Women seeking sterilisation before having had three children had to undergo compulsory counselling
  56. How many paid weeks of maternity leave do mothers in Singapore receive?
    8 weeks (maximum of $20,000)
  57. Where is Canning Town?
    Inner city London
  58. What percentage of adults in Canning Town have no qualifications?
    43.1%
  59. What type of housing is there in Canning Town?
    • Densely populated high rise flats
    • Lots of social housing
  60. What percentage of people in Canning Town are white?
    61%
  61. What is the mean age of the population of Canning Town?
    33

    (Considerably lower than in Cornwall I'm just saying)
  62. What did the Catch project in Canning Town aim to do?
    • Increase amount of green space
    • Improve school attainment and results
    • Install street lighting
    • Build more family homes
  63. What is Cornwall a case study for?
    A rural area
  64. What is Canning Town a case study for?
    An inner city area
  65. Is Cornwall sparsely or densely populated?
    Sparsely populated
  66. What is the main employment industry in Cornwall?
    Hotels and restaurants (31%)
  67. What is the housing like in Cornwall?
    • Detached housing
    • Lots of cottages with land/green space
    • 72% own their own homes
  68. What percentage of people in Cornwall are white?
    95.7%
  69. What is the age structure in Cornwall?
    • Fewer young people than UK average
    • More elderly people than UK average (as a result there are higher levels of disability and long term illness)
    • Longer life expectancy than UK average
  70. What services are there in Cornwall?
    • Largest ever installation of super fast broadband in a rural area anywhere in the world
    • Plenty on post offices
    • Lots of markets and garden centres
    • Limited train services
  71. How many independent schools are there in Cornwall?
    • Eight
    • Approx. 60 schools in total

Card Set Information

Author:
 shotguniall
ID:
 292046
Filename:
 Case studies population unit part 2 geography
Updated:
2014-12-23 17:55:52
Tags:
geography human case studies population
Folders:
AS-LEVEL
Description:
china, singapore, canning town, cornwall and The Gambia
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