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Define Abstinence Only Education
the decision to avoid teaching adolescent students about sexual activity, STI's, contraception etc. education is unnecessary if students are taught to abstain for sexual activity.
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How many college students in China received sex education?
1/2
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What percentage of China use condoms frequently or often
40%
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Target Population
entire group of people to which a researcher is attempting to apply a study sample's findings
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Sample
a subset of the target population selected by researchers to represent entire pop
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Random Sampling
a method of selecting a sample of participants in such a way that each member of pop has equal chance of being selected
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Correlation research
a scientific research method that determines the extent to which two variables are systematically related to one another
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3 types of correlation
positive: change in same direction negative: change in opposite direction no correlation: no relationship
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3 patterns of effective communication
validating, volatile, conflict avoiding
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Gottmans 4 warning signs
criticism, contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling
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gender identity
the sex male or female that a person identifies himself or herself to be
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gender roles
a set of behaviors, attitudes and emotions that are generally socially expected for men and women in a given culture
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Gender
the masculinity- femininity dimension of our basic nature as humans
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Klinefelter Syndrome
male genetic condition characterized by rounded body type, lack of facial hair, breast enlargement, small testicles
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Turner Syndrome
female genetic condition characterized by short stature, slow of no sexual development at puberty, heart abnormalities and lack of ovarian function
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Transgender
individuals whose gender identity varies from their biological sex
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Gender Identity Disorder
a strong cross gender identification characterized by the desire to be the other sex, constant discomfort about ones biological sex culturally prescribed gender role
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Gender Dysphoria
refers to stress or discomfort stemming from the self knowledge that ones biological sex does not conform to or is the opposite of his or her personal gender identity
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Transsexual
transformed or is transforming from his or her biological sex to hi or her self identified gender through actions, dress, hormone therapy or surgery.
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Social alienation
a passive form of aggression that includes behaviors such as malicious gossip, rumors and shunning
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Androgyny
both male and female features, the way they dress, look etc.
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Goals of Sex research
understand, predict and control sexual behavior
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What do participants look like
not everyone is represented, most participants are male, younger and liberal sexual attitudes and sexually experienced. College students are a bias sample
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Freud
Virginity belts, maybe sex is more than just getting pregnant and making babies, pleasure?
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Kinsey
first person to do surveys and ask people about their sex lives, Kinsey scale
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Masters and Johnson
first people to record sexual behavior. Hook up to measure B.P. heart rate and surface of skin temperature.
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NHSLS
3500 people 2-3 hour surveys no one over 59 or under 18 was surveyed
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What are the types of research conducted?
Clinical, Experimental, Observational, Survey
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Two types of significance
Statistical- wow factor. Practical- math to back up no wow factor.
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Internal Sorting
Cognitive processing
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When does cognitive processing occur
doesn't start till puberty
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Sexual scripts
externally determined roles related to sexuality that affect our decision making process
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Who, what, when, where, why
young attractive physically fit, penile- vaginal, right away in relationship, in bed, because it feels good
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Sex
biological femaleness or maleness
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Gender
the social form that femaleness or maleness takes- think feminine or masculine
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Cisgender
birth assigned sex matches gender identity
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Theories of Gender Identity Formation
- Psychoanalytic: observing behavior of same sex,
- Social Leaning: rewards and punishments. Cognitive Development: can explain gender identity, girls long hair boys short hair. Biological Theory: DNA
- Eclectic View: suggests all of these theories. biology lays groundwork and rest is based on the theories
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Intersex
8 weeks after conception male and female are the same after turns into clitoris or penis presence or lack of androgens
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Intersex
can't tell what gender
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intersex is how many births
1-1000
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Why is sexual communication difficult
slang terms, no role models for this communication, effect of victorian era
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intimate self disclosure
communicating something about yourself that is very personal
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Know men and women scripts
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