autonomic agents

• smooth muscle, cardiac muscles , glands
• 2 neuron PW. originate in CNS, first nerve is myelinated, second cell body is a ganglia- second axon is generally unmyelinated
• Symp and para make up ANS
• slower than somatic
• sensory comp- interoceptors- mechano/chemo

• control at rest
• decrease HR and BP
• food seeking
• digestion
• energy storage
• NEVER discharges as a system but individual organs
• Required for LIFE
• Hypothal and reticular system control

SLUDD-c

• dormant unless stimulated, emergency
• responds as a SINGLE system, not required for life
• HR BP increase
• skin and viscera vasoconstrict
• blood shifts to muscle and brain
• bronchodilation
• pupil dilate
• increase in blood glucose and metabolic rate
• inhibits gi and decrease salivation

• bundle of myelinated nerves run directly from spinal cord to stirated muscles. 
• Makes up peripheral Nervous System along with the autonomic

no

yes

• cranial sacral
• closer to effector organ- longer preganglionic fibers

• thoracolumbar 
• close to sc- short preganglionic fiber

• yes
• directed

• no
• divergent

• Both para and sym use ACh from preganglionic to ganglia
• Para Post uses Ach
• Sym Post use NE or Epi (if adrenal)

• Sympathetic uses Nicotinic first then Adrenergic Receptors- accept Epi/ NE
• Para- Cholinergic receptors: First Nicotinic (ACh) and  second Muscarinic (ACh)

• stimulate heart and kidney. Positive inotrope- release of renin and renal blood flow
• Dopamine and dobutamine- Severe CHF stress testing
• S/E- tachy

• bronchodilation and uterine relaxation
• asthma- copd- delay premature labor with terbutaline, priapism
• S/E- beta 1 cross rxt- tachy, muscle tremor, nervous
• albuterol

• sm contraction
• norepi
• mydriasis

• vasodilation- prostate and bladder neck relaxhtn, BPH
• S/E- syncope, orthostatic htn, dizziness, reflex tach
• prazosin, terazosin, doaxasin SIN

• decrease sympathetic ns
• htn
• S/E dry mouth, fatigue, sedation, 
• clonidine and methyldopa

• cardiac muscle- decrease sa and av node
• smooth muscle contract of bladder and bronchial tissue
• bronchoconstirction
• increases secretory gland activity increase saliva and GI
• SLUDD-C

• ion- excite
• Metabotropic- excite OR inhibits

• at the effector organ receptor
• at the axon

• via ACh
• sympathetic NS
• Epi
• on adrenergic receptors
• metabolized by MAO/ COMT
• IF in ECF THEN primarily reuptake by catecholamine boutons, or MAO metab

control of peripheral resistance- sympathetically innervated! response depends on population of vasodil(beta) or vasoconstricting(alpha) receptors

high BP activates stretch baroreceptors which leads to sympathetic inhibition and slows the heart

• A. Sympathetic
• B. Para
• C. Para
• D. Para
• E. Para