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what is innervated by the Autonomic NS? Sensory Comp?
- smooth muscle, cardiac muscles , glands
- 2 neuron PW. originate in CNS, first nerve is myelinated, second cell body is a ganglia- second axon is generally unmyelinated
- Symp and para make up ANS
- slower than somatic
- sensory comp- interoceptors- mechano/chemo
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Parasympathetic NS role
- control at rest
- decrease HR and BP
- food seeking
- digestion
- energy storage
- NEVER discharges as a system but individual organs
- Required for LIFE
- Hypothal and reticular system control
SLUDD-c
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Sympathetic NS role
- dormant unless stimulated, emergency
- responds as a SINGLE system, not required for life
- HR BP increase
- skin and viscera vasoconstrict
- blood shifts to muscle and brain
- bronchodilation
- pupil dilate
- increase in blood glucose and metabolic rate
- inhibits gi and decrease salivation
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Somatic Nervous syetm
- bundle of myelinated nerves run directly from spinal cord to stirated muscles.
- Makes up peripheral Nervous System along with the autonomic
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parasymp respond as a system?
no
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sympathetic respond as a system?
yes
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para preganglionic fibers origin?
ganglia location
- cranial sacral
- closer to effector organ- longer preganglionic fibers
-
sympathetic preganglionic fibers origin?
ganglia location?
- thoracolumbar
- close to sc- short preganglionic fiber
-
parasympathetic neccessary for life?
directed or divergent?
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sympathetic neccessary for life?
directed or divergent?
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What is the NTs of the ANS?
Where is each used?
- Both para and sym use ACh from preganglionic to ganglia
- Para Post uses Ach
- Sym Post use NE or Epi (if adrenal)
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Receptors of ANS?
- Sympathetic uses Nicotinic first then Adrenergic Receptors- accept Epi/ NE
- Para- Cholinergic receptors: First Nicotinic (ACh) and second Muscarinic (ACh)
-
general response to stimulation of receptor for Beta 1
- stimulate heart and kidney. Positive inotrope- release of renin and renal blood flow
- Dopamine and dobutamine- Severe CHF stress testing
- S/E- tachy
-
general response to stimulation of receptor beta 2
- bronchodilation and uterine relaxation
- asthma- copd- delay premature labor with terbutaline, priapism
- S/E- beta 1 cross rxt- tachy, muscle tremor, nervous
- albuterol
-
alpha 1 agonist response
- sm contraction
- norepi
- mydriasis
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general response to stimulation of receptor alpha 1 antagonist
- vasodilation- prostate and bladder neck relaxhtn, BPH
- S/E- syncope, orthostatic htn, dizziness, reflex tach
- prazosin, terazosin, doaxasin SIN
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general response to stimulation of receptor alpha 2
- decrease sympathetic ns
- htn
- S/E dry mouth, fatigue, sedation,
- clonidine and methyldopa
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general response to stimulation of receptor to muscarinic
- cardiac muscle- decrease sa and av node
- smooth muscle contract of bladder and bronchial tissue
- bronchoconstirction
- increases secretory gland activity increase saliva and GI
- SLUDD-C
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Nicontinic Receptor channel type
Muscarinic channel type
- ion- excite
- Metabotropic- excite OR inhibits
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where would one target drugs to be most effective?
where would it be least effective?
- at the effector organ receptor
- at the axon
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Adrenal Gland- how is it activated?
What system controls it?
NT released?
Where does NT Act?
Where is inactivation?
- via ACh
- sympathetic NS
- Epi
- on adrenergic receptors
- metabolized by MAO/ COMT
- IF in ECF THEN primarily reuptake by catecholamine boutons, or MAO metab
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what is tone?
baroceptor reflex?
control of peripheral resistance- sympathetically innervated! response depends on population of vasodil(beta) or vasoconstricting(alpha) receptors
high BP activates stretch baroreceptors which leads to sympathetic inhibition and slows the heart
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primary control for:
A. Blood Vessels?
B. Heart?
C. Pulm Smooth muscle?
D. GI?
E. Salivary?
- A. Sympathetic
- B. Para
- C. Para
- D. Para
- E. Para
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