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Mare Anatomy Part II
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What stimulates maturation of a follicle and ovulation?
LH from the pituitary
Ways to predict ovulation:
number of days in heat (5-8)
growth rate of largest follicle (3-5 mm per day)
size of largest follicle (about 35mm)
softness of preovulatory follicle
ultrasound image
longer days cause
quicker ovulation
increase in melatonin:
slows down reproduction deficiency
light shuts off:
GNrH production
light decreases
melatonin
During a transition period:
1-3 waves of follicles develop and regress
irregular/prolonged estrus exhibited
1 follicle eventually ovulates
thereafter, mares ovulate at 21-day intervals on a monthly basis
hormones try to get back to normal
mares in the northern hemisphere typically begin their regular cycle in:
May
transitional periods occur in:
Spring and Fall
estrous period occurs:
between april and october
ovulatory season
anestrous period occurs:
November to February
non-ovulatory season
Persistent Corpus Luteum:
CL fails to regress in an open mare
GnRH not making enough follicle-stimulating hormone to regrees CL
diagnosed with ultrasound by day 14
regresses with PGF2a (leutalase)
Hemorrhagic Follicles:
develop when follicle fails to luteinize
doesn't produce estrogen or progesterone because FSH is gone
stalls ovarian activity
no effective treatment
finally regresses after 45-50 days
(happens during transition)
Granulosa Cell Tumor
produces testosterone instead of estrogen/progesterone
interferes with normal ovarian activity
erractic ovaries
normal cyclicity resumes after removal of affected ovary
What is considered a small follicle?
below 25mm
follicles are measured
diagonally
When is a follicle ready to ovulate?
35 mm
cyclic interval from one ovulation to the next
estrous
estrus:
standing heat that lasts 4-7 days
ovulation occurs 24 to 48 hours before the end of estrus
diestrus:
period between estrus cycles when the mare is unresponsive to the stallion
14 to 18 days
anestrus:
extended season when mare is not in sexually active
oocyte:
female germ cell
immature ovum
female reproductive cell:
ovum
newly fertilized egg:
embryonic vessicle
how long does a fertilized egg stay in the oviduct?
6 days before moving into the uterus
Author
alyssau12
ID
295013
Card Set
Mare Anatomy Part II
Description
equine reproduction
Updated
2/5/2015, 11:44:14 PM
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