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jld15
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Aerobic exercise
- Augmentation of energy utilization of muscle by means of an exercise program
- Uses large muscles groups and challenges cardiorespiratory system
- Energy for exercise comes from inspired O2
- Ex activities: brisk walking, running, swimming
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Fitness
Ability or perform work
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5 factors fitness is dependent on
- Cardiorespiratory function
- Muscle strength
- Muscle endurance
- Musculoskeletal flexibility
- Optimum body composition
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Fitness described on a scale from ________ to ________
Superior; poor
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How fitness measured
By how much energy expended during work session (VO2 max)
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Vo2 max
- Body’s capacity to use O2
- Max o2 consumed per min when individual reached max effort
- Ml/kg per min
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5 factors VO2 max dependent on
- cardiac function
- transport of O2
- muscular oxidative potential
- O2 binding capacity of blood
- O2 extraction capacity
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Muscular endurance
Repeated contractions over time (resistive exercise)
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Cardiovascular endurance
Exercise of large muscles over prolonged time period (walking)
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Aerobic conditioning
Augmentation of energy utilization by muscle by means of exercise program
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Improvements of the muscle to use O2 is related to these 3 factors
- Increased level of oxidative enzymes in muscles
- Increased mitochondria density and size
- Increased muscle fiber capillary supply
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Aerobic training dependent upon 4 things
- Exercise of sufficient intensity, duration and frequency
- Cardiovascular and muscular adaptation
- Specific activity chosen
- Detraining principle
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Effects of prolonged bed rest, decreased
- Muscle mass
- Strength
- Cardiovascular function
- Total blood volume
- Plasma volume
- Heart volume
- Orthostatic tolerance
- Exercise tolerance
- Decreased bone mineral density
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Energy expenditure
- based on amount of O2 consumed
- light, moderate, heavy
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