Independent Groups

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The flashcards below were created by user camturnbull on FreezingBlue Flashcards.


  1. What is a completely randomised design?
    • A true experiment 
    • P's are placed randomly into only 1 condition 
    • This reduces bias as individual differences are distributed non-systematically across conditions
  2. What are quasi experiments?
    • Naturally occurring DV
    • Logically impossible to assign randomly 
    • Should not impute causality as the design is correlational and there could variables that change systematically with the DV (confounding variable)
  3. Which experiments require an independent T test?
    Either true or Quasi
  4. What assumptions are made when using an independent T?
    • Normal data
    • Homogeneity of variance
  5. What are the null hypotheses for independent T?
    • H0=u1=u2
    • H0=u1-u2=0 (for when there are 2 experimental groups)
    • This shows that the results are from the same population of scores
  6. What are the alternate hypotheses for a 2 sided independent T?
    HA=u1≠u2 or HA=u1-u2≠0
  7. What are the alternate hypotheses for a 1 sided independent T?
    HA=u1>u2
  8. What do we have to consider for the independent T and why?
    • The sampling distribution of the difference between the 2 means 
    • The scores are not in pairs
  9. What does the variance sum law state?
    The variance of a sum or difference between two independent random variables is equal to the sum of their respective variances
  10. What is the standard error equal to for the independent T?
    The standard deviation of the set divided by the square root of the number of data points in the set
  11. What is the variance equal to for the independent T?
    Standard deviation squared over the number of data points
  12. When can we compute z scores?
    When the SD is known
  13. What do we do when we cannot find the SD?
    • Estimate it using the two sample standard deviations 
    • Average information from both samples to provide a pooled estimate of the parameter value
  14. How do we obtain a T value without an SD?
    We substitute the estimate for the parameter value with the actual one
  15. How do we estimate the parameter value for the T test?
    • Take a weighted average of the two sample standard deviations 
    • This is because of the homogeneity of variance assumption
  16. Why do we use a weighted average?
    • To give a more accurate estimate
    • If the sample sizes are different the average gives more weight to the larger one
  17. How do we find this weighted average?
    • Add the sum of squares 
    • Add (n1-1) + (n2-1)
    • Square root the whole thing

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Author:
 camturnbull
ID:
 296874
Filename:
 Independent Groups
Updated:
2015-02-27 12:56:21
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