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Non-vascular
Bryophytes (mosses)
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Vascular Plants-Seedless
Pterophyta (ferns)
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Vascular Plants-Seeded
- Gymnosperms
- -Coniferophyta (conifers)
- -Cycadophyta
- -Ginkgophyta
- -Gnetophyta
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Plant Life Cycle
- Alternation of generations
- -Haploid gametophyte generation
- -Diploid sporophyte generation
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Division Bryophyta (mosses)
- Appeared 400 million years ago
- Gametophyte dominant stage
- Contain no vascular tissue
- Motile sperm require water for fertilization
- (green=gametophyte, orange=sporophyte)
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Bryophyta Life Cycle
- Spores via meiosis
- Gametophyte via mitosis
- Mitosis within the gametophyte produces gametes
- Fusion of gametes produces zygote (2n)
- Zygote grows into sporophyte and spores are produced in sporangium
- -Sporophyte stage (diploid)
- -Gametophyte stage (haploid)
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Division Pterophyta (ferns)
- Sporophyte dominant stage
- Contain vascular tissue
- Contain stomata and structural support
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Pterophyta Life Cycle
- Depend on water for fertilization
- Haploid stage (gametophyte)
- -Independent of sporophyte
- Fertilization
- Diploid stage (sporophyte)
- Sori: cluster of sporangia
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Gymnosperms
- Lack enclosed chambers for development
- Appeared long before flowering plants
- Reduced gametophyte and internal fertilization
- Wind pollination
- Sporophyte embryo develops within gametophyte tissue
- Have advanced vascular tissue
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Gymnosperm Divisions
- -Cycadophyta
- -Gnetophyta
- -Ginkiphyta
- -Coniferophyta
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Coniferophyta (Conifers)
- Gymnosperms
- Most are evergreens
- Some of tallest/oldest living organisms
- Needles are adaptation to dry environment
- Most lumber from cnifers
- Examples: pines, furs, cedars, redwoods, spruces
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Angiosperms (flowering plants)
- Can go from seed to seed in 1 year
- More advanced vascular tissue
- Internal fertilization via pollen grain
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Angiosperm Classification
- One Division: anthophyta
- Classes:
- -monocotyledon(corn)
- -dicotyledon (maple tree)
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