-
What type of study examines the association between food texture and swallowing dysfunction?
correlational
-
What type of design is used in the following study?
Data were collected at University of Michigan
Health System from a group of 20 nursing staff members. Open-ended interviews were used to collect narrative data.
descriptive/qualitative study
-
What type of research approach
focuses on learning about the
meaning of humans’ lived
experiences?
phenomenology
-
What type of qualitative research is
used to create theory regarding how
people deal with life situations (their
reality) based on actions and symbols
that reveal a person’s beliefs?
grounded theory
-
What type of qualitative research can
help us see how the roles of nurses
vary across cultures?
ethnography
-
What are the components of an
experimental study (4 items)?
- Manipulation of an intervention
- Control over extraneous variables
- Control Group
- Randomization
-
A limitation of a retrospective study
is…(give at least one answer)?
- Lack of control, manipulation of an
- intervention, and randomization so
- that cause/effect relationships may
- be determined.
-
Using a standardized survey, the
researcher reports the anxiety scores
of adolescent diabetics who must selfadminister
insulin during school hours.
What type of study is this?
quantitative study
-
This type of study is almost
experimental. It lacks a control group.
quasi-experimental design
-
This threat to internal validity occurs
when too many patients drop out of
the study.
attrition
-
This threat to internal validity occurs
when the outcome of interest
improves over time just because the
patient's condition naturally improves.
The patient’s improvement could be
falsely attributed to the intervention.
maturation
-
The researcher claims that her crosssectional
study will show improvements in
pain over time. What is the main threat to
internal validity in this case?
- Cross-sectional studies cannot examine
- changes over time because data are
- collected only at one time point.
-
This type of variable really screwed up
the research findings because the
researcher forgot to measure or
control for it.
confounding
-
What variable types are used in
outcomes research (3 items)?
structure, process, and outcomes variables
-
The researcher wants to know if eating
chocolate causes claustrophobia.
What type of variable is “eating
chocolate”?
independent variable
-
Which of the following is not a demographic
variable?
Patient age
Gender
Quality of Life Scores
Educational Level
Quality of Life Scores.
-
This type of variable could have
interfered with the relationship
between the dependent and
independent variables, but the
researcher controlled for it.
extraneous variable
-
A meta-analysis provides what level of
scientific evidence?
Level 1
-
What is the level of evidence
provided by a study that examines
whether specific variables predict
outcomes in a cohort of patients that
are followed over time?
Level 4
-
What is the level of evidence
provided by systematic review of
qualitative or descriptive studies?
Level 5
-
What main components should be
addressed in a research article?
- Problem and Purpose
- Literature Review
- Study Framework
- Objectives/Aims, Questions, or Hypotheses
- Variables
-
Researchers sometimes use this to
describe the big picture of how the
research variables all fit together.
theoretical framework
-
Name the components of evidence-based
practice: There are several correct answers.
Give one.
- Research evidence
- The patient’s situation and clinical
- condition
- The patient’s preference
- Clinical expertise
- Health care resources
-
When there is a lot known about a
topic, the researcher typically uses this
to describe the predicted relationship
between variables.
hypothesis
-
What are the components of a
“purpose statement”?
- Variables
- Population
- Setting
-
The nurse should know how to find
and evaluate research evidence
because . . .
- The nurse should use the best
- research evidence to guide
- clinical practice.
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