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The flashcards below were created by user
SilcoatesScience
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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What are the two main categories of waves?
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Which type of wave has oscillations perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of energy transfer?
Transverse ( transverse means across)
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Which type of wave has oscillations parallel to the direction of energy transfer?
Longitudinal
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What do waves transfer from one place to another?
Energy
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Are electromagnetic (EM) waves transverse or longitudinal?
Transverse
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Are sound waves transverse or longitudinal?
Longitudinal
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Are mechanical waves transverse or longitudinal?
They can be either
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Which type of electromagnetic (EM) wave travels the fastest through a vacuum?
All EM waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum
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Put these EM waves into the correct order (lowest frequency first)
gamma ray, x-ray,radio, infrared, visible, microwave, ultraviolet
- radio (lowest frequency)
- microwave
- infrared
- visible
- ultraviolet
- x-ray
- gamma ray
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Is the energy of a wave proportional to its wavelength or its frequency
Frequency
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What name is given to the area in a longitudinal wave where the particles have been moved apart?
Rarefaction
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What name is given to the area in a longitudinal wave where the particles have been moved closer together?
Compression
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What are the three wave phenomena?
- reflection
- refraction
- diffraction
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What size does the gap or obstacle need to be if there is to be an appreciable amount of diffraction?
Similar to the wavelength of the wave
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Where does refraction occur?
At the boundary (interface) between two materials
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What is the change of direction of waves at an interface between two materials called?
Refraction
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What does
represent in the wave equation
The wavelength of the wave
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Which type of EM wave is used in TV remote controls?
Infrared
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Which types of communication devices use microwaves?
Mobile telephones and satellite TV
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When constructing ray diagrams, what is the normal?
- A line perpendicular (at right angles) to the reflecting (or refracting) surface at the point of incidence.
- (It is called a construction line as it is used in determining where to draw rays)
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What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?
They are always equal
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What 3 properties do images produced in a plane mirror have?
- virtual (cannot be projected onto a screen)
- upright
- laterally inverted (back to front horizontally)
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What wave property does the pitch of sound relate to?
Frequency
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What wave property does the loudness of sound relate to?
Amplitude
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What is the focal length of a converging lens?
- The distance from the centre of the lens to the point at which parallel rays are brought to a focus.
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What shape is a diverging lens?
concave
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Do converging lenses bring light rays together or move them apart?
Bring them together
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What is meant by the critical angle of a material?
The mininum angle of incidence at which Total Internal Reflection (TIR) happens.
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What is the difference between a real and a virtual image?
Real images can be projected onto a screen. (Light rays converge to a point for real images)
Virtual images cannot be projected onto a screen. (Light rays appear to come from a virtual image but they do not actually intersect each other)
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What 3 things define an image?
- Size (magnified or diminished),
- orientation (upright or inverted),
- type (real or virtual)
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What property of a material is defined by
The refractive index
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What shape is a converging lens?
Convex
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Do lenses use refraction or reflection?
Refraction
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What are echoes?
Reflected sounds
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