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IGCSE Waves
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What are the two main categories of waves?
transverse
longitudinal
Which type of wave has oscillations
perpendicular
(at right angles) to the direction of energy transfer?
Transverse ( transverse means across)
Which type of wave has oscillations
parallel
to the direction of energy transfer?
Longitudinal
What do waves transfer from one place to another?
Energy
Are
electromagnetic
(EM) waves transverse or longitudinal?
Transverse
Are
sound
waves transverse or longitudinal?
Longitudinal
Are
mechanical
waves transverse or longitudinal?
They can be either
Which type of electromagnetic (EM) wave travels the fastest through a vacuum?
All EM waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum
Put these EM waves into the correct order (lowest frequency first)
gamma ray, x-ray,radio, infrared, visible, microwave, ultraviolet
radio (lowest frequency)
microwave
infrared
visible
ultraviolet
x-ray
gamma ray
Is the
energy
of a wave proportional to its wavelength
or
its frequency
Frequency
What name is given to the area in a longitudinal wave where the particles have been moved apart?
Rarefaction
What name is given to the area in a longitudinal wave where the particles have been moved closer together?
Compression
What are the three wave phenomena?
reflection
refraction
diffraction
What size does the gap or obstacle need to be if there is to be an appreciable amount of diffraction?
Similar to the wavelength of the wave
Where
does refraction occur?
At the boundary (interface) between two materials
What is the change of direction of waves at an interface between two materials called?
Refraction
What does
represent in the wave equation
The
wavelength
of the wave
Which type of EM wave is used in TV remote controls?
Infrared
Which types of communication devices use microwaves?
Mobile telephones and satellite TV
When constructing ray diagrams, what is the normal?
A line perpendicular (at right angles) to the reflecting (or refracting) surface at the point of incidence.
(It is called a construction line as it is used in determining where to draw rays)
What is the relationship between the
angle of incidence
and the
angle of reflection
?
They are always equal
What 3 properties do images produced in a plane mirror have?
virtual (cannot be projected onto a screen)
upright
laterally inverted (back to front horizontally)
What wave property does the
pitch
of sound relate to?
Frequency
What wave property does the
loudness
of sound relate to?
Amplitude
What is the focal length of a converging lens?
The distance from the centre of the lens to the point at which parallel rays are brought to a focus.
What shape is a diverging lens?
concave
Do converging lenses bring light rays together or move them apart?
Bring them together
What is meant by the
critical angle
of a material?
The
mininum angle of incidence
at which Total Internal Reflection (TIR) happens.
What is the difference between a real and a virtual image?
Real images can be projected onto a screen. (Light rays converge to a point for real images)
Virtual images cannot be projected onto a screen. (Light rays appear to come from a virtual image but they do not actually intersect each other)
What 3 things define an image?
Size (magnified or diminished),
orientation (upright or inverted),
type (real or virtual)
What property of a material is defined by
The refractive index
What shape is a converging lens?
Convex
Do lenses use refraction or reflection?
Refraction
What are echoes?
Reflected sounds
Author
SilcoatesScience
ID
298273
Card Set
IGCSE Waves
Description
Waves
Updated
4/8/2015, 2:04:46 PM
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