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concrete operational stage
Piaget's third stage of cognitive development, during which children construct schemes that enable them to think logically about objects and events in the real world
decentration
thinking that takes multiple variables into account
reversibility
the understanding that both physical actions and mental operations can be reversed
inductive logic
a type of reasoning in which general principles are inferred from specific experiences
What is horizontal decalage
a phenomenon which has the ability to apply new cognitive skills (child) to all kinds of problems
class inclusion
the understanding that subordinate classes are included in larger superordinate classes
processing efficiency
the ability to ale efficient use of short-term memory capacity
automaticity
the ability to recall information from long-term memory without using short-term memory
executive processes
information-processing skills that involve devising and carrying out strategies for remembering and problem solving
learning disability
a disorder in which a child has difficulty ,astern a specific academic skill, even though she possesses average to above average intelligence and has no physical or sensory handicaps