ACC100 - Topic 4

• Decide on the purpose the summary is to serve.
• Select the aspects of each event which are related to that purpose.
• Prepare a summary.

Systematic technique used to classify, analyse and summarise a large number of transactions, presented in the form of the basic financial statements.

• Assets
• Liabilities
• Owner's Equity
• Income
• Expenses

Resources owned or controlled by the entity for the purpose of providing economic benefits to that entity in the future.

Amounts that are owed by the business.

Represent future obligations or sacrifices and are usually settled using cash (to parties outside the business).

Represents the owner/s claim or net worth in the assets of the entity.

Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity

The value an item has for being used to generate other resources which have either some value in exchange or some value in use.

The value an item has in exchange for cash, another resource or for the cancellation of a debt.

The ability of an entity to convert assets into cash.

For accounting purposes, the viewpoint taken is always that of the entity being accounted for.

The method of allocating a long-term expense over the period of its life.

The systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.

The information should faithfully represent, without bias or undue error, the transactions and events of the business.

Helps the users to form opinions about past, present or future events, and/or it confirms or corrects their previous judgements about their decisions.

Accountants are concerned with placing an economic value on the resources controlled by the entity.

Suggests that accounting transactions will be expressed in monetary terms, in the unit of monetary measurement for the country in which the business is located.

The life of an entity can be broken into periods for the purpose of providing timely information on the entity's performance and financial position.

In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the entity is assumed to continue to operate for the foreseeable future.

Profit can be recognised only after the value of the owner's equity at the beginning of the period has been maintained.

A strength of the historical cost accounting system.

Essentially similar measure's or conclusions would be reached if two or more qualified persons examined the same data.

Implies that when faced with uncertainty in dealing with transactions, accountants will generally take the more cautious approach.