CNA vocab revised

• moving a body part away from the mid-line of the body
• "deducting"
• *the aliens are abducting people, taking them away from earth

the movement of a joint to the extent possible w/o causing pain

exercises done by the person

you move the joints (for the pt) through their range of motion

the person does the exercises with some help

• having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course of illness/pain
• lasting a short time

• moving a body part toward the mid-line of the body
• "adding"

a sudden illness from which a person is expected to recover

Assisted living residenceprovides housing, personal care, support services, health care and social activities in a home-like setting to persons needing help w daily activities

• a nursing care pattern
• a case manager (an RN) coordinates a person's care from admission through discharge and into the home or long-term care setting

• an ongoing illness, slow or gradual in onsethas no known cure
• can be controlled and complications prevented with proper treatment

• a nursing care pattern focusing on tasks and jobs
• each nursing team member has certain tasks and jobs to do

• the many health care workers whose skills and knowledge focus on the person's total care
• interdisciplinary health care team

• a person who has passed a nursing assistant training and competency evaluation program
• performs delegated nursing tasks under the supervision of a licensed nurse

those who provide nursing care - RN's, LPNs/LVN's, and nursing assistants

• a nursing care pattern
• services are moved from departments to the bedside

• Omnibus budget reconciliation act of 1987
• is a FEDERAL LAW
• purpose is to improve the quality of life of nursing center residents
• sets minimum training and competency evaluation requirements for nursing assistants
• Requires each state to have NATCEP

nurse practise acts

• Nursing Assistant Training and Competency Evaluation
• each state is required to have one
• a nursing assistant must be able to successfully complete in order to work

intentionally attempting or threatening to touch a person's body w/o the person's consent

Touching a person's body w/o his or her consent

a brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone

laws concerned with relationships btwn people

making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures or drawings

making false statements orally

an act, behavior, or thought that warns of a boundary crossing or violation

someone who supports or promotes the needs and interests of another person

• to leave or desert someone
• the person is deserted by someone who is suppose to give care

• the willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment that results in physical harm, pain, or mental anguish
• depriving the person (or persons caregiver) of the goods or services needed to attain or maintain well-being

• a wrong committed against a person or the person's property
• can be intentional or unintentional

an unintentional wrongthe negligent person did not act in a reasonable and careful manner; as a result a person or a person's property was harmed

negligence by a professional person

refers to skills, care, and judgements required by a health team member under similar conditions

injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person

the unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's freedom of movement

written instructions about health care when the person is not able to make such decisions

• Each state has it's own nurse practice act, which defines RN and LPN, describes scope of practice, describes education and licensing requirements
• Also used to decide what nursing assistants can do
• It's purpose it to protect the public from person's practicing nursing w/o a license

Adult protective services ~ Agency which helps elderly adults (age 65 & older) and dependent adults (18-64 who are disabled), when these adults are unable to meet their own needs, or are victims of abuse, neglect or exploitation.

a list of perpetrators of substantiated incidents of elder abuse that is managed by APS

a decrease in the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which means the blood has a lowered ability to carry oxygen

loss of appetite

lack or absence (a) or breathing (pnea)

being free of disease-producing microbes, a sterile environment

free from germs that cause disease

shrink; the decrease in size or the wasting away of tissue

the area on which an object rests

• items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions
• bio means life, hazardous means dangerous

• the way the head, trunk, arms, and legs are aligned w one another
• posture

using the body in an efficient and careful way

• respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow
• breathing may stop (apnea) for 10 to 20 sec

• Source: a pathogen
• Reservoir: where it can grow and multiply (carrier)
• Portal of exit:  means by which to leave the reservoir, such as respiratory, GI, urinary, reproductive tracts, breaks in skin and blood
• Method of transmission: a way, or vehicle, which transmits the pathogen to another host
• Portal of entry: Same as portal of exit, except provides a way into new host
• Susceptible host: needed for microbe to grow & multiply, are persons at risk for infection. Ex: very young or old, ill, exposed to pathogen & who don't follow practices to prevent infection

• the perineal area is cleaned before catching specimen, reduces # of microbes in urethral area
• person starts to void into device
• person stops urine stream, sterile specimen container is positioned
• person voids into container until specimen is obtained

• a special diet which include foods liquid at body temperature & which leave small amounts of residue; non irritating and non-gas forming
• Used post-operative, acute illness, infection, nausea and vomiting, and to prepare for GI exams

• bed that is not in use
• top linens are not folded back OR the bed is ready for new pt or resident

disease caused by pathogens that spread easilya contagious disease

a written test and skills test which is set by OBRA

used for persons with known or suspected infections or conditions that increase the risk of contact transmission

the lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of a muscle

the appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface having low oxygen saturation

a bladder (cyst) infection (itis) caused by bacteria

noisy breathing common as death nears, due to mucus collecting in the airway

• decubitus (pressure) ulcer
• a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence resulting from pressure or pressure in combination with shear and/or frictionany lesion caused by unrelieved pressure that results in damage to underlying tissues

• Department of Health... each state has one
• Goal is to protect the public's health through preventing avoidable illness, injury, disability and premature death; assuring access to affordable, quality health care

difficulty swallowing

difficulty breathing

difficulty urinating

is seeing things from the person's point of view--putting yourself in the person's place

cough or spit out phlegm from the throat or lungs.

gas or air passed through the anus

bending a body part

• also called indwelling catheter
• is left in the bladder, urine drains constantly into a drainage baga balloon near tip is inflated w sterile water after catheter is inserted, which prevents cath from slipping out

• when the foot falls down at the ankle (permanent plantar flexion)
• a foot-board is placed so the soles of the feet are flush against it, creating good alignment

• abnormally low BP when the person suddenly stands up
• also called postural hypotension

fainting ~ brief loss of consciousness

a semi sitting position, head is raised btwn 45 & 60 degrees

• dorsal recumbent position
• the back-lying position"
• you can see the super heavens..."

the person lies on the abdomen w the head turned to one side

• side-laying position
• person is on side... duh

• semi-prone side position: a left side-laying position
• The upper leg (R leg) is sharply flexed so not on lower L leg
• lower L arm is behind person
• (how u like to sleep)

paralysis (plegia) on one side (hemi) of the body

• swollen and inflamed veins in your anus and lower rectum
• may result from straining during bowel movements or from the increased pressure on these veins during pregnancy, among other causes.

• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
• protects the privacy and security of a person's health info

the concept that considers the whole person; the whole person has physical, social, psychological, and spiritual parts that are woven together and cannot be separated

skin

labia majora & labia minora ~ the two folds of tissue on each side of the vaginal opening

• measure that support or maintain life when death is likely
• may instruct doctors to either not start measures that prolong dying or to remove measures that prolong dying

• Abraham Maslow's theory stating basic needs must be met to survive and function, w lower
• level needs being met before higher level
• from lowest to highest: 
• Physical needs
• safety and security needs
• Love and belonging needs
• Self-esteem needs
• The need for self-actualization

• semi-solid foods easy to digest
• Advance from full liquid diet
• ideal for chewing problems, GI disorders and infections

• foods liquid at room temperature of melt at body temp
• advanced from clear liquid diet for post operative
• used for stomach irritation, fever, nausea and vomiting, persons unable to chew, swallow, or digest solid foods

Medicare is a federal health ins pro for persons 65+, some younger people w disabilities are covered

Mediaid is a health care payment program, sponsored by federal gov but operated by states. For low income people

in bed making, a way of tucking in the corner of the bed sheets at the bottom of the mattress

• the appearance of uneven spots on the skin as a result of lowered blood flow to the surfaces of the skin
• A purplish or blotchy red-blue coloring on knees and/ or feet (mottling) is a sign that death is very near.

an epithelial tissue that secretes mucus and that lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages.

the pair of openings of the nose or nasal cavity

failure to provide the person with the goods or services needed to avoid physical harm, mental anguish, or mental illness

• comes from greek word for hospital
• another word for HAI (healthcare-associated infection)an infection that develops in a person cared for in any setter where health care is given
• caused by normal flora or microbes
• transmitted from the person by other sources (colon, body fluids, etc)

• also means clean technique
• the practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and prevent pathogens from spreading from one person or place to another person or place

those who provide care:RN's, LPNs/LVN's, CNA's

• meaning objective data:information that is seen, heard, felt, or smelled by an observer
• signs

• Occupational Safety and Health Admin.
• requires health care employees:understand the risks of hazardous substances
• Know how to safely handle them
• mission is to save lives, prevent injuries, and protect the health of America’s workers.

in use; the top linens are fan-folded back so the person can get into bed.

by fan-folding back the top linens

• a pale color of the skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of hemoglobin in skin or mucous membrane. 
• more evident on the face and palms

paralysis in the legs and lower trunk

• Developed by the AHA (American Hospital Association) in 2003
• Patients have the right to:
• high quality hospital care
• clean and safe environment
• involvement in their care
• protection of privacy
• preparing to leave
• help with bill & filing insurance claims

• Lice
• the infestation with wingless insects

excessive body hair

infestation of the scalp (capitis) w lice"head lice"

• infestation of the pubic (pubis) hair with lice
• "crabs"

the infestation of the body (corporis) with lice

• Involuntary muscle contractions in the digestive system that move food down the esophagus through the alimentary canal;
•  the alternating contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles

• pivot joint
• allows turning from side to side
• connects the skull to the spine

a document that allows you to appoint a person or organization to handle your affairs while you're unavailable or unable to do so.

an artificial replacement for a missing body part

relates to one's psychological development in, and interaction with, a social environment

paralysis in the arms, legs and trunk

• right to information
• refuse treatment
• privacy and confidentiality
• right to make own choices
• right to voice concerns, ?'s, and complaints about treatment or care
• right to work or perform services if wanted
• right to form and take part in social events
• right to keep and use personal items
• Freedom from abuse, mistreatment, and neglect
• freedom from restraintright to quality of life

• physical - any manual method attached to person's body so that they cannot remove easily and restricts freedom of movement
• Chemical - any drug used for discipline or convenience & not required to treat med Sx

isolation procedures designed to protect a patient from infectious organisms that might be carried by the staff, other patients, or visitors from droplets in the air or on equipment or materials

the stiffness or rigidity (rigor) of skeletal muscles that occurs after death

State in which a person experiences difficulty in performing tasks of daily living, such as feeding self, dressing, bathing, toileting, transferring from bed, and walking

head of bed is raised 30 degrees; or head of bed is raised 30 degrees and knee portion is raised 15

• an electrolyte that dissolves in water
• needed for fluid balance
• body retains water if sodium is too high, loss of sodium (through vomiting, diarrhea, some drugs, etc) can result in dehydration

• Part of CDC's isolation precautions
• they reduce risk of spreading pathogens & reduce risk of spreading known and unknown infections
• used for all persons whenever care is given
• prevent spread of infection from blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes

a catheter that drains the bladder and then is removed

• subjective data ~ things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses
• symptoms

• a thin, sterile tube used to drain urine from your bladder  when you cannot urinate
• used if you aren't able to use a catheter that is inserted into the urethra

a fold made in the top bed clothes to provide additional space for patients toes.

• Total parenteral nutrition, also called hyperalimentation
• giving nutrients through a catheter inserted into a vein
• nutrients do not enter the GI tract

the head of the bed is lowered and the foot of the bed is raised

pertaining to the eardrum

utah nursing assistant registry

the opening or hole (meatus) of the urethra

• the total or partial loss of the ability to use or understand language
• a language disorder resulting from damage to parts of the brain responsible for language

• a clouding of the normally clear lens of your eye
• most are caused by aging
• risk factors include family history, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, prolonged sun exposure, high BP, obesity, and eye injuries & surgery

• a chronic, lifelong condition that affects your body's ability to use the energy found in food
• three major types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.

difficulty swallowing

• a term used to describe a tendency to laugh or cry unexpectedly at what might seem the wrong moment
• the regular occurrence of unstable, disproportionate emotional displays

• a type of COPD involving damage to the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs. 
• causes shortness of breath

the study of the aging process

• hepatitis is inflammation of the liver
• Hep B spreads through blood & body fluids of infected person

an inherited disease that causes the progressive breakdown (degeneration) of nerve cells in the brain

• a chronic disease in which the myelin (sheaths that cover nerve fibers) in brain and spinal cord are destroyed
• nerve impulses are not sent to and from the brain in normal way
• Symptoms include vision probs, balance, tingling, paralysis, speech, etc...

• a slow, progressive disorder
• movement is affected
• includes tremors, rigid stiff muscles, slow movements, stooped posture
• many other problems appear over time

• rubbing the thumb and index finger
• occurs in parkinson's

• degenerative joint disease
• person has joint stiffness, pain and swelling and tenderness

restating the persons message in your own words

refers to diseases of the blood vessels (arteries and veins) located outside the heart and brain a narrowing of the arteries other than those that supply the heart or the brain. Most commonly the legs are affected

• when the skin sticks to a surface while muscles slide in the direction the body is moving
• occurs when person slides down in bed or is moved in bed

• experiencing one's potential
• involves learning, understanding, and creating to the limit of a person's capacity
• is highest need in maslow's basic needs for life

can range from minor scrapes, cuts, tears, blisters or burns to the most serious pressure ulcers with the destruction of tissue down to and even including the bone.

the process of destroying ALL microbes

• a bacterial infection in the lungs
• can occur in kidneys, bones, joints, nervous system, muscles and other parts of body
• spread by airborne droplets