voice and diction chapter 2

Sound has at its source an object that vibrates. 

Steps in inhalation: breathe in by increasing your chest capacity. Your diaphragm flattens pulling down the floor of your chest cavity. The air pressure in your lungs is now lower than the pressure outside your body and air rushes into your lungs

Steps of exhalation: you breathe out by decreasing your chest capacity. Your diaphragm is pushed back up. The air pressure in your lungs is now higher than the air pressure outside your body and air rushes out of your lungs 

a tough, double-domed muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. It is the main muscle of breathing 

two large saclike organs of respiration in the thorax. Spongy and cone shaped 

breathing to live is automatic; breathing to speak is controlled. exhalation for talking is controlled 

type of breathing in which most of the movement consists of raising and lowering the collarbones while inhaling and exhaling 

breathing in which most of the expansion/ contraction activities occur in the abdominal area 

principle organ of sound; voice box that houses the vocal folds 

bands; a flow of air sets them into vibration to produce sound 

the process by which sounds produced at the vocal folds are amplified, modified, and enriched by the cavities of the head and chest 

sounds produced by the vocal folds are initially weak and thin. They are reinforced by being echoed, reflected or bounced off the surface of the cavities in the manner of sound amplified by a megaphone. 

Simultaneously the sounds are enriched and modified by changes in the size, shape and surface tensions of the throat and mouth. 

the main human resonators: the cavities of the mouth, nose, throat, and chest