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An examination of fossil records shows that three modern species all had a common ancestor. This is an example of
divergent evolution
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New genes are introduced into a gene pool by
spontaneous mutations
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Which of the following
would be an example of natural selection?
In a forest, the taller oak trees produce twice as many acorns as shorter ones.
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Which of the following could be an agent of natural selection?
characteristics of female animals that cause males to avoid them
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Unrelated birds that nest in holes in trees produce eggs with
white shells, as opposed to eggs with speckled or colored shells. This is an
example of
convergent evolution
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Sexual selection can
change the gene frequency
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The evolution of new species
can take place in one generation
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There is a range of color in mice from black to brown to gray to
white. In a region of white sand there is a black volcanic deposit. The white
mice survive better on the white sand and the black mice survive better on the
black volcanic deposit. This could be an example of
disruptive selection
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There are many kinds of animals in which males have
characteristics that are clearly disadvantageous to them. Which of the
following statements offers the best explanation for the retention of these
disadvantageous characteristics?
Females may select males with the disadvantageous characteristics as mates over those males that lack the characteristics.
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One reason that each
individual has unique genetic information is
genetic recombination
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Many kinds of cactus and other desert plants, such as a
Euphorbia, are remarkably similar in that they have fleshy plant bodies and
spines. Their flower structures, however, show that they are not related. The
process considered to be responsible for their similarity in structure is
convergent evolution
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Plants, unlike most animals, can occasionally form new species
in one generation. The mechanism by which this happens is
a doubling or a tripling of the chromosome numbers
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Both bats and insects have wings; this is an example of
convergent evolution
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Populations of hospital microbes contain mutations that protect
them from specific antibiotics, that is, they are antibiotic resistant. The
selecting agent in this situation is
antibiotics
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Which of the following is a
common selective agent for natural selection
competition for food and other resources
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The courtship rituals of many related animals are highly
species-specific and prevent the related species from mating. This is an
example of
behavioral isolation
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Structures that are similar in different species and have a
common ancestor are
homologous
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Which of the following
would be an example of sexual selection?
females avoid aggressive males
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Most populations tend to
produce many more offspring than needed for replacement
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Two kinds of mice live in the same area but one is black and the
other is brown. Which of the following questions would be most valuable in
determining if they are of the same species?
Do members of the two kinds mate with one another and have offspring that reproduce?
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The evolutionary explosion of new species from a common ancestor
is
adaptive radiation
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A ____ indicates that
evolution is occurring.
change in gene frequency
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In a population, some individuals are chosen as mates more
frequently than others. This statement represents
sexual selection
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A new highway is built in an area. Half of a population of a
certain species of animal is on one side of the highway and half on the other
side. The animals are unable to cross the highway. The highway creates an
example of
geographic isolation
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Various species of lightning bugs have their own characteristic
patterns of light flashes. Females flash an answering code to the males' code,
and mating follows the recognition. This is an example of a genetic isolating
mechanism called
behavioral isolation
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Many cave-dwelling animals, although unrelated, possess poor
eyesight and little skin pigment. This is an example of
convergent evolution
-
If the embryos of a mating do not develop properly and die, thus
preventing the offspring of two different species from continuing to reproduce,
they are an example of
hybrid inviability
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Geographic isolation prevents
mating
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Some species of plants cannot interbreed by pollinating each
other because the sexual structures of the one species ripen and mature at a
different time from the other. This genetic isolating mechanism is
seasonal isolation
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Which of the following would be necessary for evolution to take
place?
genetic diversity within populations
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