Test Questions

2.718

Use a strong base to separate them out of the mixtre. Because phenols are weaker, it is not good to use a weak base.

all photons travel at the same speed in the same medium

- photons have longer wavelngths and lower energy

Q=dPpir^4/8uL

secondary and tertiary bonds

the more negative the pKa, the larger the Ka, the more dissociation, the more bond breaking--> dH> 0

have a hydrophobic core that assists in absorption of fat

insoluble

insoluble

always soluble

hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole, dispersion, and dipole dipole

less dense

our eyes can't bend incoming light because the water and the eye's media are too similar, resulting in an angle that is not so different

1/2mv^2=3/2KbT, where Kb is Boltzmann constant

constitutional  vs. stereoisomer

stereoisomer-- configurational and conformational

At pH above the isoelectric point, molecules migrate toward the anode, while at pH lower than isoelectric point, they migrate toward the cathode

• pH > pI: migrate to anode because protein carries a net negative charge
• pH < pI: migrate to cathode because the protein carries a net positive charge

pH at which the amino acid does not migrate in an electric field.

motor protein/ ATPase

organized into sarcomeres

binds to receptor at neuromuscular junction

transmit current

circlar and does not have telomeres; they make their own proteins

is found in liver tissue and issued in oxidative detox of meds

long narrow, one sided regions of skin innervated by a single nerve

• Fluid accumulation between layers of epidermis
• Tissue dehydration
• epithelial growth
• collagen infiltration

a proton gradient across the inner mitochondria

contain capillaries and nerves

give rise to the anus in the mouth

• Core countries: Most economically diversified, wealthy, and powerful
• Semi-periphery countries: midway between the core and periphery; apply protectionist policies most aggressively; countries moving towards industrialization and more diversified economies
• Periphery countries: least economically diversified, relatively weak governments, etc.

recall after a week

memory the person is using at the moment

socialized

the person emotionally reacts after evaluating a given situation

in the left hemisphere

localized bilaterally

similarity: objects lok similar to one another; people often perceive them as a group or pattern

continuation: occurs when the eye is compelled to move through one object and continue to another object

closure: occurs when an object is incomplete r a space is not completely enclosed; people can fill in the missing information

proximity: when objects are placed close toegether, they may be perceived as a group

determined not only by the number of offspring an organism has, but its ability to protect/ raise its offspring to the point where they become productive members of the organism's social structure

biological, psychological, and social factors all matter

define personality

behaviorist: personality is a behavior that has been reinforced over time

social cognitive: focuses on how we interact with that environment

biological: result of genetic expression

phenomenon by which one node within a semantic network becoming active subconsciousley activates semantically linked nodes

The stronger the connection between the ideas, the more quickly the person is able to recall relevant information. A

how groups come together to ascribe meaning/ value to objects

describe function as a beneficial consequence

cell death in the substantia nigra

located in the mesencephalon (midbrain) that plays an important role in reward, addiction, and movement

hydrogen bonds and intermolecular forces

insulates; therefore, it is a bad conductor

pressure difference is proportional to flow

flow has an exponential relationship with radius

inverse relationship between viscosity and flow

lower the activation energyy

composed of two nucleotides joined by their phosphate group

cholesterol derived product made when 7-dehydrocholesterol is irradiated with UV light

formed from cholesterol

velocity increases to maintain continuity if A decreases

hydrostatic pressure decreases

N*s/(C*m)

all energy released as heat must stay in a bomb calorimeter

protein maturation

carbohydrate metabolism

increases protein synthesis and generalized cell function

• primary site for adjustment of caloric substances and toxins
• ex: glucose, amino acids, an dproteins

responsible for concentrating urine

capillary bed in the kidneys

permeable to water which diffuses out of the increasingly osmolar inner medulla

permeable to salts only; passive

active transport of salts

involved in the pentose phosphate pathway which regenerates NADP+

works with VEGF to make blood vessels

the mesoderm, as are the smooth muscle and pericytes

eliminates minor gene variants

catalyzes the transfer of an amino group to alpha-ketoglutarate to form glutamate and oxaloacetate

• glutamate
• glutamine
• proline
• arginine

• aspartate
• asparagine
• methionine
• threonine
• isoleucine
• lysine

• produced by endothelial cells to produce vasodilation
•  The endothelium (inner lining) of blood vessels uses nitric oxide to signal the surrounding smooth muscle to relax, thus resulting in vasodilation and increasing blood flow. Nitric oxide is highly reactive (having a lifetime of a few seconds), yet diffuses freely across membranes. These attributes make nitric oxide ideal for a transient paracrine (between adjacent cells) and autocrine (within a single cell) signaling molecule.

maintain a phenotype

mesoderm

continuation of a belief despite evidence to the contrary

ingrained

4-9 weeks during organogenesis

regulates hunger

hypersexuality

sexuality

regulates satiety

1

1/2

.707

.8

1

1

.87

.707

.5

0

CKe0A/d

OH- ions

high dipole moments

anomeric carbons

carbon 2 in the resulting triacylglycerol is attached to four different groups

Rn-CO2H

Rn-CO2-Na+

average of the two molar concentrations

the triple bond

it usually remains constant

the ionization potential

the number of moles of the gas pressent and not on the identity of the gas

the dissociation constant

stronger the acid

stronger the acid

soluble

increases from left to right since the number of protons in the nucleus incresaes

exothermic process which means that it will be more soluble at lower temperature

• spontaneous 
• dG=-nFE
• cathode 
• anode

two-step process to form amino acids

the smaller the frictional force becomes since it depends on the normal

Work/time

bends toward the normal

influence people through real or perceived rewards and punishments

wealth or position

refers to a position in a society based on characteristics beyond the individual's direct control

states tha tsimpler tasks are performed better with higher amounts of arousal; not seen with complex tasks since it may cause distraction

emphasizes the importance of power and inequality within society

• temporality
• strength
• dose-response
• consistency
• plausibility
• consideration of alternate explanations
• experiment
• specificity
• coherence

amino acid precursor of serotonin

alertness

lengthen the tube

it is accomplished by negative pressure. 

Because the lung stays in contact with the thoracic wall as it enlarges due to contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles, a pressure that is lower than atm is generated within the alveolar sacs

porportion

used in synthesis of plant and animal sterols, such as cholesterol, steroid, hormones, etc.

has a pKa within 1 pH unit of hte desired experimental condition

because it does not have a hemiacetal funcitonal group and will not undergo mutarotation

the ratio of the density of an object to the density fo the fluid it is submersed in is equal to the ratio of the weight of the object in air to the difference of submersed weight and weight in air

h= 6.626 x 10^-34

L-isomers

fewer signals of the weakly perceived color to be sent to the brain

green cones are stronly stimulated, hence red appears more green than normal

a carboxylic acid head group and a hydrocarbon tail

refers to the type of attention applied to words during encoding

irrelevant information interfering with recall

interference of information from long term memory with new information

the tendency to favor information that confirms existing beliefs. It can involve biases in the search for evidence or in the interpretation of evidence. It has also been found to be stronger for emotionally charged topics.

social relations of capital, power, and status as the driving forces in society

symbolic interactionism than to the structural focus of conflict theory

• -          Me: part of the self that is formed in interaction with others and with the general social environment
• -          I: spontaneous and autonomous part of the self 

giving rewards at variable periods

lateralized on the left hemisphere

is the a small central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye; it is responsible for sharp central vision

when researchers account for various factors that could serve as confounds for the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

a higher density of light sensitive rods, which results in a clearer image in the dark