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What is the Class for Protozoans that are flagellated, these can either be in blood or mucosa of the intestinal tract
Mastigophora
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Where are three areas of the body where Hemoflagellates are found
- Blood
- Lymph
- Tissue spaces
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How are Hemoflagellates transmitted
- Blood sucking flies
- Stomoxys calcitrans - stable fly
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Where are two areas of the body where Mucoflagellates are found in the body
- intestinal tract
- genital tract
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How are Mucoflagellates transmitted
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What was the first hemoflagellate to be discovered
Trypanosoma brucci
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what are the 5 types of Hemoflagellates
- Trypanosoma brucci
- Trypanosoma equiperdum
- Trypanosoma cruzi
- Leishamia danovani
- Leishmania canis
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Trypanosoma cruzi is transmitted by what two things
- Assassin bugs/blood feeding arthropods
- contact with infected insect feces
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Trypanosoma cruzi when in its resting cyst stage can be found where in the body
Cardiac muscle and other tissues
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Leshmania is found in what three areas of the body
- Blood vessels
- spleen
- liver
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What transfers Leshmania
Sandfly
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intracellular protozoans found in teh blood that are not flagellated are called
Hemo-apicomplexans
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Trypanosoma regardless of species is referred to as
"African Sleeping Sickness"
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This Hemoflagellate effects ruminants in South Africa, what is it, what is the disease it causes and what is the intermediate host
- Trypanosoma brucci
- Nagana
- Tsetse fly
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This hemoflagellate has no intermediate host but is transmitted through direct sexual contact, what is it, what is the disease it causes
- Trypanosoma equiperdum
- Dourine "Silver Dollar"
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The United States Department of Agriculture use to be called what in 1860
The Bureau of Infectious Diseases
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What is a symptom of Daurine in horses, people still do not know how this occurs in horses
Silver dollar plaques
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What is one of the first reportable disease in the in the U.S. what in 1860
Dourine (Trypanosoma brucci)
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What are two main symptoms often seen in both humans and animals with Trypanosoma cruzi
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How is Trypanosoma cruzi diagnosed
Direct blood smears
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Trypanosoma cruzi is often found outside of blood cells, it is considered this type of flagellate
Extracellular
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What are the three types of Trypanosoma
- Trypanosoma cruzi
- Trypanosoma brucci
- Trypanosoma equiperdum
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What is the disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi in humans called
Chagas Disease
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What are two characteristics of a dog with Leishmania
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- alopecia
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What is a intracellular protozoan found in the blood but is not flagellated called
Hemo-apicomplexans
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Babesia canis causes this disease in dogs
Canine piroplasmosis
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What is considered the definitive host for Cystanxzoon felis
cats
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With Cytauxzoon felis in RBC's it develops a ring called the
ring form
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What are the Hemo-apicomplexans
- Babesia canis
- Babesia bovis
- Babesia bigemina
- Cytauxzoon felis
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Leishmania is found in three places in the body
- Blood vessels
- spleen
- liver
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Because Leishmania is found in blood vessels it is considered this type of flagellate
intracellular
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If an animal is bit by a sand fly but it DOES NOT hit a blood vessel what happens
develops an abscess and is self limiting
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What is the mechanical vector for Leishmania
Sand fly
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Babesia is found in erythrocyte cells and are pear shaped this shape is also called
piriform
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What are the two etiologies for Texas Fever
- Babesia bovis
- Babesia bigemina
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What is the intermediate host for Texas Fever
Boophilus annulatus
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What parasites are considered Mucoflagellates
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What is the most common protozoan infection
Coccidiosis
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What are the two types of Trichomonads
Cattle:
Humans:
- Trichomonas fetus
- Trichomonas vaginalis
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What are the two Mucoflagellates that rare and considered exotic
- Cryptosporidium
- Sarcocystis
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Where are the three places that Trichomonas fetus is found
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Where is the target area for Giardiasis
small intestine
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What are two symptoms for Giardiasis
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What is the most common cause of abortion in cattle
Brucellosis
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If an animal comes in to a clinic with pyrexia and is given antibiotics, within 24 hours the temperature doesn't break. What two other things could it be
- Protozoan infection
- Systemic fungal infection
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What three things does Trichomonas cause in cattle and dogs
- Abortion
- Pyometra
- Sterility
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What Protozoan is common in women but is NOT considered pathogenic
Trichomonas vaginalis
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What is the disease called and nickname for Trichomonas and secondary bacteria infection in the mouth.
- Vincents Angina
- "Trench mouth"
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What family and two classes are considered a mucosal apicomplexa
- Sporozoa
- Coccidia
- Piroplasma
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What are three genus's for Coccidia
- Eimeria
- Isospora
- Toxoplsma
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What are two types of coccidia that infect dogs
- Isospora canis
- Isospora ohioensis (smaller)
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What is considered the drug of choice for the treatment of coccidia
Albon (Sulfadimethoxine) made by Pfizer
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What is the most common intestinal protozoan diagnosed in people in the US
Giardia
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This is a term for any developmental protozoan stage that doesn't have flagella
Trophozoite
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What is Coccidia in a cat called
- Isospora felis
- Isospora cati (very small)
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What is the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondi
- Cat
- both domestic and large
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In the Coccidia life cycle what are the 6 stages that occur in the host
- Sporozoite (can be in or out of the host)
- Merozoite
- Gamont
- Macrogamete and Microgamete
- Zygote
- Oocyst (can be in or out of the host)
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In the coccidia life cycle what are the 3 stages that are outside of the host
- Oocyst
- Sporocysts
- Sporozoite
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What is the facultative host for Isospora felis
Mice/rodents
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What is a Protozoan that causes abortion in humans
Toxoplasma gondii
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What is the percentage of people possessing circulating antibodies to T. gondii worldwide
33%
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Humans infected with Toxoplasma gondii usually have flu-like symptoms such as (3)
- persistent pyrexia
- malaise
- enlarge/inflammed lymph nodes
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Cats infected with Toxoplasma gondii usually exhibit these 4 symptoms
- Dyspnea
- tachypnea icterus
- Persistent pyrexia
- abdominal disorders
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What is the type of staining used for diagnosing blood parasites
Metochromatic staining
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What Amoebae is found in humans, human infection usually due to drinking contaminated water.
Entamoeba histolytica
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What is the condition caused by Entamoebia histolytica in humans
Amoebic dysentery
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What is the definitive host for Balantidium coli
swine
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This is a ciliated protozoan that is found in pigs and occasionally dogs
Blantidium coli
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Where is the target locations for Balantidium coli in the body
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Where is the target location for Cryptosporidium in the body
small intestine
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What protozoan is in a sporulated form when passed in the feces
Sarcocystis
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Where is the target location for Sarcosystis in the body
small intestine
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What is the disease caused by Sarcocystis called
Sarcocystic disease
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