derm buzz words

  1. Seborrheic keratosis
    • Stuck on appearance
    • Benign, multiple-arms, back & face
    • Black, brown or skin colored
  2. Leser-trelat
    • Sudden explosive multiple SKs
    • Assoc w/ internal malignancy
  3. Actinic keratosis
    • Keratotic, precancerous lesions
    • Pre SCC (10%)
    • Sun exposure
    • Scab/dry skin-reccuring
    • Face, scalp HANDS
  4. Cutaneous horn
    • Actinic keratosis
    • Scale becomes thicker, more yellow
    • Scale built up
  5. Pigmented ak
    • Resembles solar lentigo
    • Fine scaling
  6. Actinic chilitis
    • Lower lip
    • Focal crusting/scaling
    • Higher chance of scc
  7. Scc
    • Pink/red dome-shaped nodule w/ adherent yellow-white scale
    • Develops necrotic, crusted center
  8. Bowens dz
    Full-thickness scc in situ
  9. Keratoacanthoma
    • Scc variant
    • Fast growing
    • Large, nodular crater-like nodule w/ central necrosis
  10. Scc metastatsis
    • Mc on mucous membranes or more advanced lesion
    • w/in 2-3 yrs of lesion
  11. basal cell carcinoma
    • malignancy arising from basal alyer of keratinocytes
    • rarely mets
    • pearly white nodules
  12. bcc
    • mushy texture w/ curettage
    • bleed
  13. junctional nevi
    • nevus cells at dermoepidermal junction
    • flat or slightly raised
  14. compound nevi
    • nevus cells at dermoepidermal junction and within dermis
    • raised pigmenet papules
  15. intradermal nevi
    • w/in dermis. May extend to subcutaneous tissue
    • flesh colored to dark brown
    • coarse hair growing from them
  16. blue nevi
    blueish macules or papules d/2 pigmented melanocytes in deep dermis
  17. halo nevi
    preexisting nevus develops annular rign of hypopigmentation
  18. dyspalastic nevus syndrome
    familial syndrome of multiple atypical nevi
  19. melanoma
    • mc ca age 25-29
    • 2% skin ca causes 75% deaths
    • Abcde
  20. Nodular mm
    • 10-15%
    • More common-extremities
    • Brown-black raised papules appear and grow rapidly
  21. Lentigo maligna
    • 5-10
    • Flat, irregular, variant in pigment
  22. Acral lentignous melanoma
    • All skin types
    • Mc in Asians and aa
    • May occur a=hands, feetm, NAIL
  23. Kaposi sarcoma
    • Malignancy of lymphocytic endothelial cells
    • Purple patches that thickn and darken
    • Start @feet/ankes and spreads proximally
  24. Atopic dermatitis
    Itch that scratches
  25. Atopic dermatitis triggers
    • Irritants
    • Allergens
    • Perspiration
    • Heat
    • Tight clothing
    • Rough fibers
    • Emotional distress
  26. Atopic Dermatitis Infantile Distribution
    • Cheeks, perioral, scalp
    • Extensor surfaces of the knees and elbows
  27. Atopic Dermatitis Childhood Distribution
    • Flexural areas
    • ~~Antecubital and popliteal fossae
    • ~~Neck
    • ~~Wrists, ankles
    • May become lichenified
  28. Atopic Dermatitis Adult Distribution
    • Flexural involvement
    • Hand dermatitis
    • Eyelid or lip dermatitis
    • Xerotic skin, ichthyosis vulgaris, keratosis pilaris
  29. Nummular Eczema
    • Round, coin-shaped eczematous lesions
    • Most common in adults
    • Sharply demarcated lesions on arms and legs
    • Tends to recur when steroids with drawn
    • One of the more difficult forms of eczema to treat
    • DDx - fungal
  30. Contact dermatitis
    • Allergic or irritant reaction caused by skin contact with a substance
    • Rash will occur where the exposure occurs
  31. Rhus Dermatitis (contact)
    • Caused by delayed hypersensitivity reaction to plants
    • Poison ivy, oak, and sumac
    • Linear vesicles and erythema
  32. Dyshidrosis
    • Recurrent vesicular, eczematous dermatitis involving the hands and occasionally feet
    • "tapioca like"
  33. Lichen Simplex Chronicus
    • Chronic plaques with enhanced skin markings that result from chronic inflammation
    • Caused by continued rubbing and scratching
  34. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
    • Vesicular disease seen in patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy
    • Uncommon in children
    • Does not correlate with bowel symptoms
    • CELIACS
  35. Bullous Pemphigoid
    • Autoimmune disorder typically seen in older patients
    • Subepidermal blistering
    • Tense bullae on erythematous skin
    • Negative nikoslky
    • ANTIb DO NOT CORRELATE
  36. Drugs trigger bullous pemphigoid
    • Furosemide
    • Captopril
    • Some NSAIDs
  37. Pemphigus Vulgaris
    • Rare, potentially life-threatening autoimmune disease
    • Intraepidermal blistering involving the skin and mucous membranes
    • NIKOLSKY SIGN
    • LABS CORRELATE
  38. Nikolsky sign
    • Applying traction on intact skin causes formation of bulla
    • Applying pressure to intact bulla causes it to extend into surrounding tissue
  39. Morbiliform Drug Eruption rash
    • Maculopapular
    • Erythematous macules and papules become confluent
    • Symmetric, generalized
    • Usually spares the face
    • May involve mucous membranes, palms, soles
    • Pruritic
  40. Urticarial Drug Reaction
    • Most common causes ASA, NSAIDs, PCN, blood products
    • Includes anaphylactic reactions, serum sickness
    • May have immediate reaction (anaphylaxis) or occur hours to days later
    • Certain medications trigger histamine release: Not true hypersensitivity
    • ........ie codeine, morphine
  41. Fixed Drug Eruption
    • Sharply demarcated, dusky red plaques
    • Present shortly after drug is started, reappear in the same place each time the drug is taken
    • Prodromal itching or burning
    • May occur anywhere on the skin, but the glans penis is the most common location
  42. Photosensitive Drug Reactions
    • May be due to medicines administered internally or externally
    • Phototoxic reaction
    • Photoallergic rxn
  43. Phototoxic drug rxn
    • Dose dependent
    • Limited to area of sun exposure
    • Subsides when drug is stopped
    • Occurs within 24 hours of exposure
  44. Photoallergic drug reaction
    • Less common
    • No relation to dose
    • Does not begin until about 48 hours after exposure
    • May spread to non-sun exposed area (histones in body)
  45. Acneiform rash
    Steroids or hormones
  46. Lupus-like rash
    hydralazine, procainamide
  47. Photosensitivity
    thiazides, sulfonamides, tetracycline
  48. Amiodarone
    blue-grey in photodistribution
  49. Minocycline
    blue-grey on gingiva and teeth
  50. Antimalarial
    brown on the shins
  51. Oral contraceptives
    melasma on face
  52. Rifampin
    red man syndrome (high dose)
  53. Lichen planus
    • Inflammatory papulosquamous dz
    • "Purple Polygonal Papule"
    • Wickhams striae
    • + KOEBNERS PHENOMENON
  54. 5 ps of lichen planus
    • Pruritic
    • Planar
    • Polygonal
    • Purple
    • Papules
  55. Wickham's striae
    • Lacy pattern
    • Surface of papule has white, reticulated pattern
    • Assoc lichen planus
  56. Types of lichen planus presentation
    • Papular
    • Hypertrophic
    • Follicular
    • mucosal
  57. KOEBNERS Phenomenon
    New lesions appear in area of trauma
  58. Pityriasis Rosea
    • HERALD PATCH
    • 1-2w later-multiple smaller lesions
    • CHRISTMAS TREE DISTRIBUTION
    • COLLARETTE OF SCALE
    • Self limited: 4-12 w
  59. Christmas tree
    Pityriasis rosea distribution
  60. Collarette of scale
    Pityriasis rosea
  61. Herald patch
    • Salmon-colored plaque occurs on chest or torso
    • Thin collarette of scale along border
    • Generally 1-2 cm in size
    • ASSOC W/ PITYRIASIS ROSEA
    • May mimic tinea-KOH to r/o
  62. Psoriasis
    Common, chronic inflammatory papulosquamous disease predominated by T-cell dysfunction and autoimmune dysregulation
  63. Psoriasis - Triggers
    • Stress
    • Strep infection
    • HIV infection
    • Koebner phenomenon
    • Drugs (lithium, antimalarials, steroid withdrawal)
  64. Psoriasis forms
    • Plaque
    • Guttae
    • Pustular
    • inverse
  65. auspitz sign
    • Adherent silvery scale that bleeds when removed
    • Plaque psoriasis
  66. Silvery scale
    Psoriasis
  67. Psoriasis complications
    • Both the disease itself as well as treatment may carry long-term effects
    • Increased risk CAD
    • AE from steroids or chronic immunosuppression
    • AE from phototherapy
    • Monitor lipids, HTN
    • Regular skin cancer screenings
    • Other f/u as warranted by their medications
    • Desquamation and Hypersensitivity Syndromes
  68. Erythema Multiforme
    • Recurrent, inflammatory condition with "target" lesions
    • Fairly common
    • Commonly associated with HSV, Mycoplasma and URIs
  69. Erythema Multiforme - Clinical Presentation
    • Multiforme = multiple morphologies
    • ~~Target lesions, macules, papules, urticarial, vesicles
    • ~~NEED TO HAVE TARGET LESIONS TO DX CLINICALLY
    • Palms, soles, hands, feet, distal arms and legs
    • + Koebner phenomenon
  70. Target lesions
    Erythema multiforme
  71. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
    • Severe, blistering mucocutaneous syndrome
    • Involves at least two mucous membranes
    • Most common in children and young adults
  72. Sjs medications
    • Phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine
    • Sulfa drugs, PCNs
    • Usually started within 1 month of onset
  73. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
    • + nikoslky sign
    • Life-threatening disease with blistering and sloughing of the skin and mucous membranes
    • Most often caused by medication: Within 1-3 weeks before onset
    • ~~~~~Sulfa, antimalarials, anticonvulsants, NSAIDs, allopurinol
    • Other causes triggered by recent immunization or infection
    • Mortality:30-50%
  74. fx aggravate acne
    • Women with hirsuitism and obesity - PCOS
    • Young children - signs of secondary sex characteristics - precocious puberty
    • Irregular menses in middle aged women - perimenopause
    • Steroid use
    • Bodybuilders/athletes - anabolic steroid use
  75. Acne
    • Comadone-noninflammatory
    • Inflammatory lesions (Papules, pustules, cysts)
  76. Rosacea
    • Common facial rash with redness, blushing, telangiectasias, papules and pustules
    • NO comedones
    • INVOLVES NASOLABIAL FOLDS
  77. Rosacea trigger
    • Hot food or drink
    • Red wine
    • Sunlight
    • Skin irritants
    • Embarrassment
    • Spicy food
  78. Rhinophyma
    • Enlargement of the nose due to chronic inflammation and skin thickening
    • More common in men
    • Rosacea SYMPTOM
  79. Ocular rosacea
    • May occur with or without skin disease
    • Mild conjunctivitis
    • ~~Erythema, discomfort, FB sensation, tearing
    • ~~May cause blepharitis, chalazions, corneal vascularization over time
  80. Cellulitis
    • Infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
    • Associated with systemic symptoms
    • Red, swollen, painful plaque-no borders
  81. Erysipelas
    • Acute, superficial cellulitis with prominent lymphatic involvement
    • Infection MORE SUPERFICIAL-DERMIS AND UPPER SUPCUTANEOUS TISSUE
    • Sudden onset of erythematous, tender, firm spot with SHARPLY DEMARCATED BORDERS
    • May have lymphatic streaking
  82. Impetigo
    • Highly contagious SUPERFICIAL SKIN INFECTION
    • Caused by S. pyogenes or S. AUREUS (MOST COMMON)
    • May develop on damaged skin or normal skin
    • Infections more common in children or those who are in close contact with others
  83. HONEY COLORED CRUST
    IMPETIGO SX
  84. Bullous impetigo
    • Thin-roofed bullae form
    • As bullae collapse, a HONEY-COLORED CRUST FORMS
    • Lesions may coalesce
    • Lesions in many stages of healing
    • mild adenopathy
  85. Non-Bullous Impetigo
    • Vesicles or pustules rupture and
    • scaling, tinea-like border forms
    • Honey colored or whitish crust forms
    • May have satellite lesions around the periphery
  86. Candidiasis - Risk Factors
    • Diabetes
    • Hormonal - pregnancy, OCP use
    • Systemic antibiotics or steroids
    • Skin maceration
    • Conditions that affect cell-mediated immunity (viruses)
  87. Candidal Intertrigo
    • Affects skin folds
    • Develop beefy red plaques within the skin folds
    • Advancing border - sharply defined
    • Satellite lesions
    • May have maceration of skin folds
  88. Beefy red
    Candidis
  89. Tinea versicolor-wood's light
    hypopigmented areas with a faint yellow-green fluorescence
  90. spaghetti and meatballs pattern
    tinea versicolor KOH
  91. Onchomycosis
    Tinea infection of nail plate
  92. Tinea cruris
    • Half-moon shaped erythematous plaque
    • well defined scale along the border
  93. tinea corporis
    • ringworm
    • flat scaly papules
  94. tinea capitis
    inflammatory lesions may lead to alopecia
  95. Exanthems
    • Roseola
    • Fifth dz
    • kawasaki
  96. roseola
    • herpes virus 6&7
    • high fever
  97. almond shaped lesions
    roseola
  98. erythema infectiosum
    • slapped cheek
    • parvovirus B19
  99. Kawasaki virus
    Strawberry tongue
  100. Examthems-Diagnostic Criteria (need 5 of 6)
    • FUO > 5 days
    • Bilateral conjunctival injection
    • Changes in lips and oral cavity
    • Cervical lymphadenopathy
    • Polymorphous exanthema with vesicles and crust
    • Changes in peripheral extremities
  101. MOOUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM
    • Flesh colored dome papules become UMBILICATED
    • Virus w/in papule=x body
  102. Varicella
    • Dew drop on a rose petal
    • Highly pruritic
    • Prodomal symptoms
    • Patients will have lesions in all stages of healing
  103. Hutchinson sign
    Zoster-occular invovlement
  104. Hutchinson sign-nail
    • Acular melanoma
    • Discoloration of nail or cuticle
  105. Pearly papule
    Basal cell
  106. Condyloma Acuminatum
    • Genital warts
    • Infection caused by human papilloma virus
  107. Cauliflower mass
    Condyloma acuminatum
  108. Hpv 6,11
    Cause warts
  109. Hpv 16, 18
    Cause cervical cancer
  110. Kissing lesions
    Plantar warts
  111. Acanthosis Nigricans
    • Thick, velvety plaques
    • neck, groin and axillae
    • patients w/ abnormal glucose metabolism or malignancy (rare)
  112. Granuloma Annulare
    • Common skin condition with smooth, discolored plaques
    • Most common in children and teenagers, but can occur at any age
    • May mimic tinea
  113. Hidradenitis Suppurativa
    • Inflammatory skin condition affecting areas with apocrine sweat glands
    • Recurrent nodules and abscesses that have SINUS TRACTS
  114. Hidradenitis Suppurativa - Aggravating factors
    • Genetics
    • Female > male
    • Obesity, PCOS
    • Pro-inflammatory cytokines
    • Cigarette smoking
    • Secondary bacterial infection
  115. Epidermal cysts
    cystic structure filled with soft, cheese-like keratinous contents
  116. Pilar cysts
    • small cysts on the scalp
    • filled w/ firm, white content
    • arise from the hair root sheath
  117. Melasma
    • Hyperpigmentation of the face
    • Typically occurs in women during pregnancy and on OCPs
    • More common in darker skin types
  118. Pilonidal Disease
    • Chronic sinus tract in the sacrococcygeal region
    • filled with nests of hair
    • May become infected and inflamed
  119. Pressure Ulcers
    • Bed sores, decubitus ulcers
    • Area of reddened skin
    • progresses to skin breakdown that results in sores and ulcers
  120. Urticaria
    • Wheals resulting from edema of the dermal tissue
    • Angioedema results from edema of deeper structures
  121. Dermatographism
    Chronic urticarial
  122. Erythema Nodosum
    Inflammatory panniculitis with erythematous, deep nodules on the shins
  123. Vitiligo
    Acquired condition where impaired or absent melanocyte function leads to hypopigmentation of the skin
  124. Whickem striae
    Lacy white reticulated surface on Lichen Planus
  125. Whickem striae
    Lichen planus
  126. Round patches of hair loss
    Aleopecia areata
  127. Yellow greasy scale
    Seborrheic dermatitis
  128. Grouped vesicles on erythematous base
    Herpes
  129. Velvety plaques
    Acnathrosis nigracs
  130. Herpatic witlow
    Herpes on finger
  131. Exclamation point
    Aleopecia areata
  132. Satellite lesion
    Candidiasis
  133. Linear vesicles
    Rhus dermatitis
  134. Ring worm
    Tiena corporis
  135. Chee like
    Epidermal cyst
  136. Tense bulla on erythematous
    Bullus pemphigold
  137. Oil drop sign
    Psoriasis
  138. N ikoski
    Blister enlarges when pressed
  139. + niloski
    • TEN
    • Pemphigus vulgaris
  140. Itch that scratches
    Eczema
  141. Half moon
    Tenia cruis
  142. Flaccid bullae
    Pemphigus vulgaris
  143. Cradle cap
    Seborrheic dermatitis
  144. Rolled borders
    Basal cell
  145. Burrows
    Scabies
  146. Washed out lesions
    Lentigo maligna
  147. Nl fold
    Rosacea involves
  148. Central clearing
    Einea
  149. Kissing toes
    Plantar warts
  150. Bowmans dz
    Scc in situ
  151. Lesions in intrafinger webs
    Scabies
  152. Maceration between toes
    Tinea pedis
  153. Breslow
    Melanoma
  154. Koebener phenomenon
    Tauma causes new lesion
Author
alyspins
ID
304685
Card Set
derm buzz words
Description
buzz words for derm dz
Updated