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Ensure that all recruits meet the requirements of NFPA ____, Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for Fire Departments, prior to entering the training program.
1582
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• Utilize the incident command system and a personnel accountability system for all incidents, including live fire training exercises, that meet the requirements of NFPA ___, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System.
1561
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NFPA ____, Standard on Fire Department Occupa-tional Safety and Health Program.
1500
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the United States Fire Administra-tion, the Foundation has established the objectives of reducing the fatality rate by __ percent within 5 years and by ____ percent by 2014.
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What are the 16 Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives
- 1. Define and advocate the need for a cultural change within the fire service relating to safety, incorporating leadership, management, supervision, accountability, and personal responsibility.
- 2. Enhance the personal and organizational accountability for health and safety throughout the fire service.
- 3. Focus greater attention on the integration of risk management with incident management at all levels, including strategic, tactical, and planning responsibilities.
- 4. All fire fighters must be empowered to stop unsafe practices.
- 5. Develop and implement national standards for training, qualifications, and certification (including regular recertification) that are equally applicable to all fire fighters based on the duties they are expected to perform.
- 6. Develop and implement national medical and physical fitness standards that are equally applicable to all fire fighters, based on the duties they are expected to perform.
- 7. Create a national research agenda and data collection system that relate to the initiatives.
- 8. Utilize available technology wherever it can produce higher levels of health and safety.
- 9. Thoroughly investigate all fire fighter fatalities, injuries, and near misses.
- 10. Grant programs should support the implementation of safe practices and/or mandate safe practices as an eligibility requirement.
- 11. National standards for emergency response policies and procedures should be developed and championed.
- 12. National protocols for response to violent incidents should be developed and championed.
- 13. Fire fighters and their families must have access to counseling and psychological support.
- 14. Public education must receive more resources and be championed as a critical fire and life safety program.
- 15. Advocacy must be strengthened for the enforcement of codes and the installation of home fire sprinklers.
- 16. Safety must be a primary consideration in the design of apparatus and equipment.
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The three incident priorities are:
- life safety
- incident stabilization
- property conservation
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Life safety is always the number___ priority, and all operations must be developed based on this premise.
one
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Risk assessment of the emergency scene can be based on the following philosophy:
- We will take greater risk to save a lot.
- We will take little risk to save a little.
- We will take no risk to save what is already lost.
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The USFA oversees the National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS). Part of the NFIRS report is data for ________.
fire fighter casualties.
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The NFPA and the USFA estimate that on average, ___ fire fighters die in the line of duty each year.
105
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A requirement or law promulgated at the federal, state, or local level with a requirement to comply is a ______.
Regulation
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A _________is an agreed-upon method/policy often developed through the consensus process; __________ are not mandatory unless adopted by a governmental authority.
Standard
standards
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The concept of what a reason-able person with similar training and equip-ment would do in a similar situation is called a_______.
Standard of care
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The ___________ is the procedure of having a minimum of two fire fighters standing by completely prepared to immediately enter a structure to rescue the interior crew should a problem develop; this protocol must be in place prior to the start of interior fire attack.
Two-in, two-out rule
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The docu-ment that contains all of the federally pro-mulgated regulations for all federal agencies is a ________.
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
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NFPA ____, Life Safety Code ® . This standard has been adopted by both local and state governments as part of the fire pre-vention program. Once a standard is adopted, the adopting governmental agencies have the _____________.
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______________________, Respiratory Protection, requires that respirators be provided by the employer when such equipment is necessary to protect the health of the employee (including self-contained breathing apparatus [SCBA]).
OSHA’s Title 29 OSHA 1910.134 (29 CFR 1910.134)
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OSHA ________ (29 CFR ________), Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response, deals with hazardous material releases and was referenced as part of the two-in, two-out ruling, specifically the requirement for a buddy system.
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NFPA standards that impact fire-ground operations.
1. NFPA 1500 __________
2. NFPA 1521 __________
3. NFPA 1561 __________
4. NFPA 1584 __________
5. NFPA 1021 __________
6. NFPA 1041 __________
7. NFPA 1403 __________
8. NFPA 1404 __________
9. NFPA 1410 __________
10. NFPA 1710 _________
11. NFPA 1720 _________
- 1. Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program
- 2. Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer Professional Qualifications
- 3. Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System
- 4. Standard on the Rehabilita-tion Process for Members During Emergency Operations and Training Exercises
- 5. Standard for Fire Officer Profes-sional Qualifications
- 6. Standard for Fire Service Instructor Professional Qualifications
- 7. Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions
- 8. Standard for Fire Service Respira-tory Protection Training
- 9. Standard on Training for Initial Emergency Scene Operations
- 10. Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emer- gency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments
- 11. Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emer- gency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Volunteer Fire Departments
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The concept of standard of care is simple: Everyone has certain __________ when it comes to performance.
expectations
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the varied respon-sibilities of the incident safety officer:
• Form a strategy to match the situation, and ensure that all operating members know the strategy • Analyze fire and smoke conditions • Ensure crew intactness • Ensure that an incident management system (IMS) is in place • Maintain an accountability system • Ensure a proper level of protective equipment • Assess building or vehicle structure status • Establish a collapse zone • Oversee rehabilitation setup • Assess the physical condition of personnel • Ensure proper scene lighting • Communicate unsafe locations—for exam-ple, holes in floors, wires down, backyard swimming pools—to operating teams • Ensure a means of egress for crews • Develop a risk assessment • Ensure that rapid intervention crews are ready • Secure utilities • Ensure that traffic is controlled
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Fire ground accountability system must meet the following objectives:
- • Account for the exact location of all individuals at the fire scene at any given moment
- • Provide for expansion to meet the needs of the incident
- • Be adaptable to the IMS in use
- • Ensure that all individuals are checked into the system at the outset of the incident
- • Provide for visual recognition of participation
- • Provide for points of entry into the hazard zone
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personnel accountability (PAR) benchmarks include:
• At a fixed time, as defined in local SOGs • After primary search • After fire is under control • After a switch in strategic modes (offensive to defensive) • After a significant event such as a collapse, flashover, or backdraft • After any report of a missing fire fighter
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Once assigned to rapid intervention, the companies should ______________ that would render them unavailable, and they should have direct ___________ or operations.
- generally not be assigned other tasks
- communication with the IC
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Rehabilitation basic plan should provide for the following:.
- • Establishment of a rehabilitation group within the IMS
- • Hydration
- • Nourishment
- • Rest and recovery
- • Medical evaluation
- • Accountability while in the rehabilitation
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The _____ Sector/Group is an incident function to provide rest, nourishment, comfort, and medical assessment to on-scene personnel.
Rehabilitation
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Purpose of rehabilitation is to ensure that the _______ and ______ of personnel operating at an emergency incident or training exercise does not _____ to a point that affects the safety of the individual, crew, or the integrity of the operation.
- physical and mental
- deteriorate
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Scope of rehabilitation shall apply to
_______ and training exercises of ______where strenuous physical activity or exposure to extreme heat or cold exists.
- emergency operations
- extended duration
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There are two types of Rehab Resources that can be implemented:
- a. Initial Rehab where the incident will be concluded within a 6- to 8-hour period. Initial Rehab is generally accomplished with fire/rescue resources (such as on-scene equipment or the request for a system Rehab Unit)
- b. Long-Term Rehab where the incident is expected to take more than 6 to 8 hours to complete. Long-Term Rehab will require the assistance of external resources requested through dispatch.
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The supplies for rehab should include the following:
- • Fluids—water, activity beverage, and ice.
- • Food—high energy, i.e., bars, crackers, granola.
- • Medical—blood pressure cuffs, stethoscopes, thermometers, transport unit.
- • Tracking—status board, make-up (blank, white) Passports, pencils, notepads or white boards, markers or grease pencils, tracking worksheets.
- • Other—awnings, fans, and barricade tape. (Use barricade tape to identify single ingress/egress point.)
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Hydration in rehab-is a critical factor in the prevention of heat injury is the maintenance of water and _______. During heat stress, personnel should consume at least ____of water per hour. The rehydration solution should be a ______ of water and a commercially prepared activity beverage and be administered at about____.
- electrolytes
- 1 quart
- 50/50 mixture
- 40°F
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Rehab Nourishment food should consist of ___________ should be provided to personnel on extended incidents, but is not to be used in lieu of ______.
- (high-energy bars, crackers, or granola)
- hydration
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when considering Rest in rehab —The “two air bottle rule,” or________, is recommended as an acceptable level of exertion prior to mandatory rehab. Personnel should try to rehydrate during SCBA bottle replacement.
45 minutes of work time
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Rehab time shall never be less than _______. Fresh crews and crews released from rehab shall be available in the ______.
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When performing Medical Evaluation in rehab you should consider that— Heart rate should be monitored for _____. If the rate is above _____, the person’s temperature shall be taken. If the temperature is above ___, all protective clothing shall be removed.
- 30 seconds
- 110 beats per minute (bpm)
- 100.6°F
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If the temperature is below ____ and the heart rate remains above ___, rehab time should be ______.
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Tracking and control of ingress and egress of personnel from the Rehab area is facilitated by the use of ________.
Accountability Passports
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