True / falseTrue False
false
Kale, cabbage, broc., cauliflower, Brussel sprouts, kohlrobi, turnips, mustards
kale, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, kohlrobi
mustard family name? old and new?
brassicaceae [new]
sunflower family name old and new?
asteraceae [new] / compositae [old]
endive lettuce belongs to which genus?
chichorium
Spinach has high iron but chemically bonded to _____ _____ and we cannot break down the iron [test question]
calcium oxalate
Solanum tuberosum
potato
an underground storage stem?
Tuber
where does the Irish potato come from?
South America
An event that happened when fungus destroyed the potato crops in weeks and millions died of starvation or left Ireland.
Irish potato famine
A method used to stomp on potatoes to extract water so that the potato starch could be stored for a long period of time.{test}
chuno
Ipomoea Batatas?
sweet potato
true / falseTrue False
true
sugar cane is not a perenial plant in Louisiana?True False
true
Sugar cane
Poaceae family Saccharum genus
primary reason to burn cane ?
to reduce the amount of rufage to pick up to concentrate the sugars inside the stem
Sweet feed is the crystaline sugars remaining from the grinding process of cane?True False
False
Is more sugar produced from beets or canes?
Beets
what is Beta Vulgaris and what varieties belong to this Genus?
Common beet sugar beets swiss chards common beets
This root is highly prized in South East Asia, what is its scientific name?
Dioscorea {yam}
name of the acid in the skins of yams?
oxalic acid
what is the scientific name for the most important root throughout the world that is cultivated in the tropics and native to South America? [test question]
manihot esculenta yucca root or cassava
Root the is highly toxic and native to south america _________.
yucca root or cassava
The building in (what country)________ is how many football fields that houses the flower trading market?
what was the name of the potato that ireland grew?
lumper
Leading exporter of black pepper?
brazil
most important spice in worldwide use?
black pepper
black or white pepper is made from the entire fruit of the plant?
black pepper
the 2 islands that cultivated nutmeg?
Trinidad and Grenada
What spice is sometimes used as a drug that causes hallucinations?
nutmeg
what spice was known to have magical or medicinal purposes?
nutmeg
Most labor expensive parts of producing vanilla is __________ the flower.[test question]
pollinating
What is imitation vanilla made of?
fermented wood
This spice is found throughout American tropics?
allspice
Allspice is named after the smell of what 3 spices?
cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg
What plant was used to chew on to relieve minor aches and pains?
willow (salix)
Who is the father of medicine?
Hippocrates
Who is the father of botany?
theophratus
1st person to record technical features of plants and descriptions?
Theophratus
Salisidic acid comes from the willow, what is the willows scientific name?
Salix
Theophratus was a military physician in the roman army that wrote a 5 vol. book De Materia Meidca and is known as the father of pharmacology.
False
This person was famous during da Vinci's time and claimed that God placed signs on plants to signify what they could be used for medicinally?
Paracelsus
Father of Phramacology?
Dioscorides
Name the six categories of compounds in medicinal plants.
fatty acids gums resins oils alkaloids steroids
2 primary reasons psycho-active plants are used:
T / FTrue False
true
What 4 needs of cannabis did people us it for:
durable fibers nutritious seeds oils correct spiritual imbalance
who was given credit for maximizing the psycho-active ingredient in marijuana?
India
what is the single most profitable plant in CA and 2nd most in US?
marijuana
What is the sweet milk based drink laced with weed and used as a hospitality drink called:
Bhang
T / FTrue False
False
The term __________ comes from cooking the resin and getting concentrated THC.
hash
Who popularized the smoking of pot in regions of Africa?
Dutch
Marijuana
old
Louisiana and Mississippi were the 1st states to ban marijuana for racial reasons?True False
The primary reason for bringing marijuana to the new world was to cultivate ________.
hemp
Papaver is the scientific name for ______ which is used to make __________.
poppy; opium
This plant is used to induce sleep and relieve pain. Greeks referred to it as the joy plant.
poppy
The god of sleep was named after the poppy plant because is contains morphine and codiene. what is the name?
Morpheus
What 2 alkaloids are found in the opium poppy that are both commonly used today?
morphine and codeine are :
alkaloids
Poppy plant originated in china and spread to Turkey.True False
false
This became an important trade item that the British set up ____plantations in India to be closer for transport to China.
opium
T / F True False
true
What is the name of the concoction of alcohol and opium?
Laudanum
T / FTrue False
false
T / FTrue False
True
T / FTrue False
False
The name Erythoxylem coca means:
red wood
Cocaine comes from the Andes mountains?True False
True
The natives of the Andes chew the leaves of Erythoxylem daily to get high?True False
False
Who promoted the use of cocaine to treat alcoholism, depression, and as a local anesthetic?
Sigmund Freud
T / FTrue False
True
This is a soft body fleshy cactus native to north Mexico
peyote
Who was granted permission to harvest and use peyote in their church rituals by the Supreme Courts.
native Americans
T / F
Tricolor
Ipomoea
What plant is the original source of LSD compound?
Morning Glory
The morning glory never became popular because it was hard to grow.True False
False the seeds contain different amounts of compound and you could easily overdose
the willow was never a popular plant and use was restricted to certain individuals in a society such as a witch doctor.
the compound in the morning glory is contained in the ______ of the fruit.
seeds
This plant is native to the Americas and was used to subdue hunger pangs.
nicotiana tabacum
Nicotine is a :
alkaloid
T / FTrue False
True
Perigue tobacco is widely cultivated in the AmericasTrue False
_______named nicotine after Jean Nicot since he was so famous for growing this plant.
linneaus
Nicotine is a central nervous system depressant.True False
False
What three beverages contain caffeine naturally?
What chemical invigorates you, increases HR, Increase acidity in stomach, increase metabolic functions 10%?
Caffeine
Genus name for coffee?
Coffea Arabica
Coffee is ___ only to oil in terms of its trade value?
2nd
People of ___were the first to brew coffee.
Arabia
T / FTrue False
False
who broke the monopoly on coffee?
Dutch
T / FTrue False
True
T / F
False Island of Martinique
T / FTrue False
Currently who is the leader in coffee production?
Brazil
The fine line of temperatures from dark to light roast coffee is 25°F?
True 400 liight - 425 dark
Decaffeinated coffee was discovered due to a chemist's fathers death. Decaffeination process is done 3 ways:
solvent
T / FTrue False
True
Theobroma cacao
Chocolate
Cocoa is the beverage made from this plant?
Cocoa plant
Cocoa plant is native to ______
Americas
Who held the monopoly on chocolate and what countries?
Spain Hispanola and Trinidad
who broke the monopoly on chocolate?
Dutch
who is the leader in choclate production today?
Africa
_____is a cauliflorious plant with fruits on its trunk.
chocolate
the seeds of this fruit have a sweet pulp around it.
Chocolate
Mola is a mexican sauce made with what?
chocolate and red pepper
30 % of weight of a coco bean is oils and fats.True False
True
What plant does tea come from?
Camelia sinese
Tea was an important plant to the buddist?True False
True
Tea plants in SE asia are small and round because:
average asian is short and they are hand picked
T / FTrue False
this tea is collected crushed, heated to prevent fermentation, dried and packaged.
green
leaves collected, wilted, rolled and crushed, fermented, heated.
black tea
Only tea cultivators in the Ammericas
Argentina
Largest tea producer?
India
A bird that flies south during winter and gets drunk on fermented fruit.
cedar wax wing
T / F
false true microbial fermentation
_____ is the preferred choice to use in alcoholic fermentation process
yeast
yeast consumes ___ and gives off 2 by products.
sugar
Alcohol content >18 % kills the yeast.True False
true
Whiskeys and high alcohol drinks made with greater than 18% alcohol are made which 2 ways:
distillation and fortification
The ancestor of all alcoholic beverages
mead
Wine is made from grapes that are in what genus?
vitis
_____credited for making wine the way it is produced today?
Romans
fermented fruit juice
wine
____is a native vitis to LA that is used as root stock for fine grapes to make wine.
mucadine
drawing wine from barrel to barrel is called _____
racking
white wine can be produced from red grapes by ______.
removing the skins in the 1st fermentation step.
the five ingredients for making beer:
water barley malt yeast hops adjuncts
2 methods to make light beer:
use fewer starches in brew add enzymes
They use ____ and ____ to ferment sake.
yeast and aspergillus
Tequila origin is mexicoTrue False
true
What plant is used to make tequila
agave
King of whiskey
scotch
rum is fermented _____
sugarcane juice
juniper berries are used to give gin a taste.True False
true
Proof means 2x's the alcohol concentrationTrue False
true
asteraceae
compositae [old]
laminaceae [new]
labiatae
Leguminosae {old}
fabaceae {new}
kale, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts, turnips, mustards
Mustards brassicaceae / cruciferae
major cultivator of spinach?
texas
leading producer of sweet potato?
china
grinding season for sugarcane is in what month?
october
this starch is made from yucca root?
Tapioca
What is the soup made from the leaves of the dasheen eddo?
callalou
tiniest of all the herbs?
thyme
Sage is a fertility drug?True False
True
Saffron is the most expensive spice in the world because:
it only comes from the stigma of the plant
What islands grow nutmeg and mace?
Trinidad and Grenada
This fruit is large peach size with big seed that makes ____ and a red fleshy covering that makes ________.
nutmeg and mace
