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Metaphase
The third subphase of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate.
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Fatty acid
A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. Fatty acids vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
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Peroxisome
A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
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Null hypothesis
A hypothesis expressed in the negative to avoid accusation of bias.
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Corepressor
A molecule (e.g. tryptophan) that binds to an allosteric repressor protein and enables it to prevent transcription.
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Mitotic spindle
An assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis.
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Hydrophobic
Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water.
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Golgi apparatus
An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Antisense
The name given to a nucleic acid strand that is complementary to mRNA or the DNA coding strand.
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Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.
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