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Nearsightedness
Light rays entering eye come together before they reach the retina Requires concave lens- thicker at edges and thinner in middleGenerally easy to correct with lenses
Myopia
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refers to an anopia affecting a quarter of the field of vision.
quadrantanopsia
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Farsightedness Light rays enter eye and fail to come together to a focused point by the time they reach retinaRays of light/images fall behind the retinaMore noticeable at middle age…children alsoRequires convex lens- thicker at center and thinner at edges
Presbyopia/Hyperopia
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Double vision Results from imbalance of muscles that control eye movements Common cause is CVA and TBI
diplopia
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Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement Can be horizontal, vertical, rotary, or mixed
nystagmus
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crossed eyed/wall eyed-Occurs when eyes aren’t straight or properly aligned.one eye or both turn in, out, up, or downEyes may wanderTreated with eye glasses, drops, surgery, eye exercises Miss alignment of two eyes in relation to one another
Strabismus -crossed eyed/wall eyed
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20/20
is not perfect vision, but standard vision
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means that even with regular glasses, contact lenses, medicine, or surgery, people find everyday tasks difficult to do. Reading the mail, shopping, cooking, seeing the TV, and writing can seem challenging.
Low vision
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best corrected visual acuity is 20/200, or the person's visual field is 20 degrees or less.
legally blind
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voluntary rapid movement of the eye between fixation points.
saccades
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refers to the pattern of fixations and saccades while an individual is examining visual stimuli.
scanning
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sharpness of vision, measured by the ability to discern letters or numbers at a given distance according to a fixed standard.
visual acuity
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The ability to recognize a form or object even when the whole picture of it isn’t available.
visual closure
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The ability to know that a form or shape is the same, even if it has
been rotated, made smaller/larger, or observed from up close or far
away.
form constancy
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The ability to locate something in a cluttered or busy background.
figure ground
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The ability to determine differences or similarities in objects or forms based on size, color, shape, etc…
visual discrimination
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Understanding the relationships of objects within the environment.
Visual Spatial Relations
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the acquisition of an internal awareness of the body and the relationship of body parts to one another; a sensorimotor performance component of occupational therapy.
body schema
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Ideation - knowing what to do ● Motor planning - directing and organising the movement ● Execution - carrying out the motor plan
praxis
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