The flashcards below were created by user
jdwein39
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
DNA polymerase alpha, delta, and epsilon and their function
- Alpha: primer function
- Delta: proofreading in lagging strand, NER, BER
- Epsilon: proofreading in leading strand, NER, BER
-
Triple cocktail
combination of 3 different antiviral drugs that target HIV reverse transcriptase to treat HIV; 3 drugs are needed because resistance occurs over time
-
Topoisomerase
Reduces torsional stress in DNA by nicking the DNA
-
Topoisomerase inhibition
Cancer drugs can block topoisomerase from being regenerated, leading to collapse of the replication fork when polymerase reaches the DNA-topoisomerase complex
-
Nucleotide excision repair
used to remove pyrimidine dimers caused by UV light; xeroderma pigmentosum mutation of genes involved in NER
-
Mismatch repair mechanism
- MutSa recognizes mismatch
- MutLa nicks the nascent strand
- Exonuclease removes part of nascent strand
- DNA pol-delta fills it back in
- DNA ligase connects it back together
-
Lynch syndrome
Hereditary cancer predisposition, caused by defects in human mismatch repair genes; characterized by microsatellite instability
-
Microsatellite Instability
- Slippage/expansion of microsatellite (repeat) sequences are typically corrected by mismatch repair
- When this does not happen, microsatellite instability occurs
-
Cisplatin
Chemotherapy drug that forms intra-strand cross links with DNA, signaling apoptosis; problem is that it does not selectively attack cancer cells
-
ATM
Kinase that can phosphorylate numerous factors, including p53, to block cell cycle progression and signal apoptosis or senescence
|
|