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Anthropology:
Anthropology: The scientific and humanistic study of human beings encompassing the evolutionary history of humanity, physical variation among humans, the study of past societies, and the comparative study of current-day human societies and cultures.
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Applied anthropology:
Applied anthropology: The application of anthropological knowledge to the solution of human problems
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Archaeology:
Archaeology: The subdiscipline of anthropology that focuses on the study of past cultures based primarily on their material remains.
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Biological (or physical) anthropology:
Biological (or physical) anthropology: The subdiscipline of anthropology that focuses on the study of people from a biological perspective, primarily on aspects of humankind that are genetically inherited.
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Cultural anthropology:
Cultural anthropology: The study of human thought, behaviour, and lifeways that are learned rather than genetically transmitted and that are typical of groups of people.
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Cultural relativism:
Cultural relativism: The idea that cultures should be analysed with reference to their own histories and values rather than according to the values of another culture.
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Culture:
Culture: The learned behaviors and symbols that allow people to live in groups; the primary means by which humans adapt to their environment; the ways of life characteristic of a particular human society.
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Emic:
Emic: Examination of societies using concepts, categories, and distinctions that are meaningful to members of those societies.
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Ethnocentrism:
Ethnocentrism: Judging other cultures from the perspective on one’s own culture. The notion that one’s own culture is more beautiful, rational, and nearer to perfection than any other.
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Ethnography:
Ethnography: The major research tool of cultural anthropology, including both fieldwork among people in a society and the written results of such fieldwork.
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Ethnology:
Ethnology: The attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena through the comparison of cultures.
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Etic:
Etic: Examination of societies using concepts, categories, and rules derived from science; an outsider’s perspective.
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Holism:
Holism: In anthropology, an approach that considers the study of culture, history, language, and biology essential to a complete understanding of human society.
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Linguistic anthropology:
Linguistic anthropology: The study of language and its relation to culture
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Society:
Society: A group of people who depend on one another for survival or well-being as well as the relationships among such people including their statuses and roles.
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