1 Psy 101

The scientific study of Mind and behavior

The private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories and feelings

Observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals

The philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn

The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience

A now defunct theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from memory to the alacrity for happiness, are localized in specific regions of the brain

The study of biological processes, especially in the human body

Sensory input from the environment

The amount of time taken to respond to a specific stimulus

A person's subjective experience of the world and the mind

The analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind

The subjective observation of one's own experience

The study of the purpose mental processes in enabling people to adapt to their environment

Darwin's theory that the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent generations

A temporary loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences

The part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness but influences conscious thoughts, feelings and actions

An approach that emphasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts and behavior

A therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand psychological disorders

An approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings

An approach that advocates that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study of objectively observable behavior

Given the nature of their approach they didn't provide empirical evidence to support their claims

Made some of the earliest successful efforts to develop a science linking mind and behavior  by showing that damage to the brain can result in impairments of behavior and mental functions

Furthered the science of the mind by developing methods for measuring reaction time

Credited with the founding of psychology as a scientific discipline. His structuralist approach focused on analyzing the basic elements of consciousness

Wilhelm Wundt's student who brought structuralism to the US

Applied Darwin's theory of natural selection to the study of the mind. His functionalist approach focused on how mental processes serve to enable people to adapt to their environments

Established the first American research lab, journal and professional organization devoted to psychology

Have often been focused on by psychologists as a way of understanding human behavior

Unusual cases where patients acted like different people while under hypnosis, raising the possibility that each of us has more than one self

Develop psychoanalysis which emphasized the importance of unconscious influences and childhood experiences in shaping thoughts, feelings and behaviors

People are inherently disposed toward growth and can usually reach their full potential with a little help from their friends

The brain regions that control Jarrett's fingers are relatively less active when he plays

Emotions are adaptive

Believed that the mind is a blank slate where experiences are written

The physical body is a container for the non-physical thing called the mind. Most modern scientists reject it and embrace Rule's scientific materialism

Philosopher Gilbert Ryle's argument that there is no "ghost in the machine" and that all mental activity is simply the result of the brain

Phrenology, there are certain sections in the brain that related to psychological capacities, the more capacities and traits the larger the corresponding bumps on the skull. No one really thinks this anymore however there is some truth to it.

He had a lesion in the left hemisphere of his brain making "tan" the only thing he could say. The lesion was discovered by Paul Boca

Testing a person's reaction times to different stimuli.

• Lab devoted exclusively to psychology
• Understand consciousness by breaking it down into its basic parts, including individual sensations and feelings

It was at the University of Leipzig in Germany.

A physician and artist who tried, (before) like Titchener to identify the elements of conscious experience.

Serves as an important function that promotes your survival and well being

Retrace the evolutionary history of our species, starting out as "mental cavemen" and ending up as "us"

• A student of Edward Titchener at Cornell became the first woman with a PhD in psychology
• Had a distinguished career, mainly teaching at Vassar College
• Wrote an influential book, The Animal Mind

Nature vs. Nurture or Nativism vs. Empiricism

Descartes suggested that the a tiny structure at the bottom of the brain was used by the mind to influence the brain.

The mind and body aren't different things at all, the mind is what the brain does

Boca used Mr. Leborgne (Tan)'s brain to show that there could be a connection between his loss of speech and a lesion in the left half of his brain.

Wundt took the idea of elements in chemistry and tried to break down consciousness into elemental sensations and feelings and created structuralism.

It couldn't create replicable results. This made it hard for psychologists to agree on the basic elements of consciousness.

William James reasoned that mental abilities must have evolved because they were adaptive and helped people solve problems thus increasing their chance of survival.

It gave him the idea that their trauma came from painful childhood experiences and gave him the idea of the unconscious, psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis.

The part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness but influences the conscious thoughts, feelings and actions.

An approach that emphasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts and behaviors.

Because after WWII in America the attitude was becoming much more positive. People saw accomplishments of the human mind and not just the problems.

Because the focus on behavior allowed psychologists to study on animals.