-
Charges that are the same ________ each other.
a. repel
b. attract
Repel
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Charges that are different _______ each other
a. repel
b. attract
attract
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the attraction or repulsion between electric charges
electric force
-
The region around a charged object where the object's electric force interacts with other charged objects
electric field
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A build up of charges on an object
static electricity
-
In ______ electricity, charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously.
static
-
Rubbing two objects together may produce a buildup of ________?
static electricity
-
The law that states that charges are neither created nor destroyed but only transferred from one material to another
Conservation of Charge
-
List the 3 methods by which charges can be transferred to build up static electricity:
- 1. charging by friction
- 2. by conduction
- 3. by induction
-
A method of charging an object by rubbing it against another object; the force that one object exerts on another when two rub against each other.
Friction
-
A method of charging when the transfer of electrons from a charged object to another object by direct contact.
Conduction
-
A method of charging where the movement of electrons to one part of an object that is caused by the electric field of a second object, without direct contact
Induction
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When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the ________ charge?
a. same
b. opposite
a. same
-
A device that can be used to detect the presence of a charge, but it does not tell you whether the charge is positive or negative .
electroscope
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The loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another is called??
static discharge
-
The continuous flow of electric charges through a material
Electric current
-
To produce electric current, charges must flow ___________ from one place to another.
continuously
-
A complete, unbroken path through which electric charges can flow.
Electric circuit
-
A conductor _________ transfer electric charge well.
a. does
b. does not
does
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An insulator ________ transfer electric charge well.
a. does
b. does not
b. does not
-
A material through which charges can easily flow.
conductor
-
A material through which charges cannot easily flow.
insulator
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The difference in electrical potential energy between two places in a circuit.
voltage
-
__________ causes a current in an electric circuit.
Voltage
-
A device that creates an electrical potential energy different in an electric circuit, batteries and generators are voltage
voltage source
-
The measurement of how difficult it is for charges to flow through a material.
Resistance
-
The _______ the resistance, the less current there is for a given voltage.
greater
-
The energy stored in chemical compounds
Chemical energy
-
A process in which substances charged into new substances with different properties.
chemical reaction
-
Volta built the first electric battery by layering zinc, paper soaked in salt water and ______
silver
-
A device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy.
electrochemical cell
-
A metal part of an electrochemical cell which gains or loses electrons
electrodes
-
A liquid or paste that conducts electric current.
electrolyte
-
A convenient attachment point used to connect a cell or battery to a circuit
terminal
-
____________ occur between the electrolyte and the electrodes in an electrochemical cell.
Chemical reactions
-
A combination of two or more electrochemical cells in a series
battery
-
An electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a liquid.
wet cell
-
An electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a paste.
dry cell
-
What law states that resistance is equal to voltage divided by current.
Ohm's Law
-
Voltage x _________ = Resistance
current
-
What are the 3 features of a circuit
- 1. have devices that are run by electrical energy.
- 2. has a source of electric energy
- 3. are connected by conducting wires
-
An electric circuit with a single path.
series circuit
-
What would happen if one light in a series circuit burns out.
It would be a break in the circuit and all of the lights would go out as well.
-
A device used to measure current.
Ammeter
-
An electric circuit with multiple paths
parallel circuit
-
In a _____ circuit there is only one path for the current to take.
series
-
In a __________ circuit, there are several paths for current to take.
parallel
-
What happens if a light burns out in a parallel circuit?
If there is a break in one branch, charges still move through the other branches, so the others will remain lit.
-
A device used to measure voltage or electrical potential energy difference.
Voltmeter
-
Would the circuits in your home be series or parallel?
They would be parallel. If they were series, when one light goes out all of them would go out in the house.
-
The rate at which energy is transformed from one form to another is known as _____?
power
-
The unit of power is ______?
Watt (W)
-
What is the calculation to find power?
Power = voltage x current
-
The total amount of energy used by an appliance is equal to the power of the appliance multiplied by the amount of time the appliance is used.
energy = power x time
-
A connection that allows current to take the path of least resistance is called?
Short circuit
-
One way to protect people from electric shock and other electrical danger is to provide an alternative path for electrical ________.
current.
-
The __________, which is round, connect any metal pieces of the appliance to the ground wire of the building .
third prong
-
In order to prevent circuits from overheating, devices called ______ and ________ are added to circuits.
fuses and circuit breakers
-
A reusable safety switch that breaks the circuit when the current gets too high.
circuit breaker
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