-
Manner in which carbohydrates (glucose molecules) are stored in the body, predominantly in the liver nad muscles
Glycogen
-
About ____% of U.S adults age 20 and older are overweight(have a BMI greater than 25)
68%
-
About ____% are obese
34%
-
More than ______ of all adults in the United States do not achieve the minimum amount of physical activity.
one-half
-
The prevalence of obesity is even higher in certain ethnic groups, especially _________ Americans and __________ Americans
African and Hispanic Americans
-
Excessive body weight/obesity are associated with poor health status and risk factors for many ailments including :
CV disease, Diabetes Type 2, and some types of cancer
-
American Heart Association has identified ____________ as one of the six major risk factors for coronary artery disease.
Obesity
-
Being overweight/obese can increase the risk for:
- High Blood pressure (hypertension)
- elevated blood lipids
- Type II Diabetes
- insulin resistance/glucose intolerance
- coronary heart disease
- Angina pectoris
- stroke
- Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
- gout
- osteoarthritis
- shortened life expectancy
-
_____________ is the manner in which carbohydrates are stored in the human body, primarily in the liver (20%) and muscles(80%)
Glycogen
-
A ____ to ____ water to glycogen ratio is necessary to store glycogen
2.6 to 1
-
________ index is a measure that is used to rate the plasma glucose response of carbohydrate-containing foods with response produced by the same amount of carbohydrate from a standard source, usually glucose or white bread.
Glycemic Index
-
Energy balancing equation is the idea that:
as long as caloric input equals caloric output person will not gain or lose weight
-
__________________ is the average energy (caloric) intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance for a specific person
Estimated Energy Requirement
-
The total daily energy requirements has three basic components:
- 1) Resting metabolic rate
- 2) Thermic effect of food
- 3) Physical Activity
-
One pound of fat =_______ calories
3500 calories
-
energy requirement to maintain the body's vital processes in the resting state:
Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
-
Medical problems associated with bulimia nervosa include:
- cardiac arrhythmias
- amenorrhea
- kidney and bladder damage
- ulcers
- colitis
- tooth erosion
- gum damage
-
The following factors seem to affect the set-point directly by lowering the fat thermostat:
- Exercise
- Nicotine
- Amphetamines
- A diet high in complex Carbohydrates
-
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the
lowest level of oxygen consumption (and energy requirement)necessary to sustain life
-
The weight regulating mechanism is a feature of the ___________ of the brain that controls how much the body should weigh.
Hypothalamus
-
Severe caloric restriction diets always prompt the loss of ______ muscle tissue
Lean
-
_________, produced primarily in the stomach, stimulates appetite
Ghrelin
-
________, produced by fat cells lets the brain know when you are full
Leptin
-
Sleep deprivation elevates ghrelin levels, and lowers leptin levels and may lead to ________ gain
weight
-
______ sleep is one of the 12 key components that enhance health and extend life
Adequate
-
If a person is trying to lose weight, a combination of _______ and _________ training exercises works best.
Aerobic and strength training exercises
-
Fallacious theory proposing that exercising a specific body part will result in significant fat reduction in that area is _____ reducing
Spot reducing
-
Term referring to fat deposits that "bulge" out caused by the herniation of subcutaneous fat within fibrous connective tissue, giving it a padded-like appearance
Cellulite
-
_________ is a critical meal while on a weight loss program.
Breakfast
-
EER are based on:
Age, weight, and gender
-
Target caloric intake to lose weight is:
EER- (current weight x 5)
-
The final caloric intake to lose weight should not be less than _____ calories
1500
-
Successful diets include: _____% calories from fat, _____% from carbohydrates, and _____% from protein
- 24% calories from fat
- 56% calories from carbohydrates
- 20% calories from protein
-
High protein/low calorie foods include:
- low fat dairy products (milk, cheese, greek yogurt)
- eggs
- lean meats and poultry
- fish
- soybeans/soy milk
- tofu
- quinoa
-
The three most common reasons for relapse are:
- Stress related factors (major life changes, depression, job changes)
- Social reasons (entertaining/eating out)
- Self enticing behaviors (one taste won't hurt)
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