brushing technique

toothbrush bristles are placed at a 45 degree angle toward the gingival sulcus; bristles are moved in a circular motion allowing the bristles to get into the sulcus for at least 10 strokes

toothbrush is placed at a 45 degree angle at the gingiva where it meets the tooth surface; the brush is swept toward the apex of the tooth in a circular vibrating motion, and a rolling stroke is then used to pull bristles toward the occlusal surface

toothbrush is placed at a 45 degree angle at the gingiva where is meets the tooth surface; a rolling vibratory motion is used to pull the bristles downward and back and forth in a vertical motion

toothbrush is placed with the bristles parallel to the tooth and pointed at the gingiva; the toothbrush should be swept from the gingiva and rolled gently toward the tooth

with the teeth closed, the toothbrush is placed toward the teeth; the toothbrush is moved in large circles at the tooth and gingiva of both arches, then large circles are used at the palate and lingual areas

hardened plaque, a mineralized deposit on teeth formed by saliva, debris, and minerals; also called tartar

the process of adding fluoride to the public water supply

bad breath

also called dental biofilm, a complex community of several varieties of bacteria that may reach a thickness of 300 to 500 cells on the surfaces of teeth

space between the gingiva and tooth