AS Chemistry keywords (electron, bonding and structure)

the energy required to remove one electron from each atom in a mole of atoms in the gaseous state

its the repulsion between electrons in different inner shells. Shielding reduces the net attractive force from the nucleus of outer shell electrons

a region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

they are formed by a shred pay of electrons

its a shred pair of electrons provided by one of the bonding atoms only

its a measure of the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond

a small change difference across a bond that results in a difference in electronegaitivity's of the bonded atoms

has a permanent dipole

an attractive force between neighbouring molecules

a week attractive force between permanent dipoles in neighbouring polar molecules

attractive force between induced dipoles on neighbouring molecules

• a strong dipole-dipole attraction between:
• 1. an electron deficient H atom on one more molecule
• 2. a lone pair of electrons on a highly electronegative atom on a different molecule

the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

3D structure of molecules bonded by weak intermolecular forces

3D structure of atoms bonded by strong covalent bonds

its a trend in properties of elements that is repeated across each period

breakdown of chemical substances, using heat, into at least two chemical substances

more reactive element displaces a less reactive element

oxidation and reduction of the same element in a redox reaction