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HuckKim
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Celestial object
An object that exists in space. i.e. Moon, Sun, Planets
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Astronomer
A scientist that studies astronomy and space
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Revolution
The time it takes for an object to orbit another object
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Rotation
- The turning of an object around an imaginary axis
- Earth's rotation around it's axis is 24h
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Constellation
A group of stars that make a distinct image or pattern. i.e. Orion
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Light-year
The distance it takes for light to travel in a year. 9.5 x 10^12
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Apparent Magnitude
The brightness of a star as seen on Earth.
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Asterism
- A small group of stars inside constellations that form patters.
- It is not a constellation but instead inside of it.
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Pointer Star
- The two stars on the Big Dipper which when followed lead to the North Star or Polaris

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Circumpolar
- They are constellations that can be seen all year
- This is due to them being situated on the Earth's poles
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Zenith
It is the constellation that you would see when you look straight up
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Tides
- It is the rising and falling of ocean water due to the Moon's Gravitational Pull

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Phases of the moon
- The monthly change of the Moon appearance.
- Caused by different portions of the moon that is lit by the sun

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Lunar Eclipse
- When a full Moon is covered by the Earth's Shadow when passing though it
- The moon is in the umbra portion of the Earth.
- This phenomenon is completely safe to watch

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Solar Eclipse
- When the shadow of the moon falls on the Earth's surface
- When a new moon is blocking the sun
- The sun's UV radiation can still leak out around the edges and is more dangerous than staring at the sun

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Why do we have Seasons?
- The reason why we have season is because the earth is on a 23.5 degree tilt.
- In the summer the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun and in the Winter it's the opposite.
- Because of the tilt sunlight hits the Earth at different angles. Areas with a larger angle receive more sunlight for longer periods of time.
- Places near the equator are warmer because the light is more concentrated when it is head on.
 - The winter solstice is the shortest day and longest night and June 22 is the longest day and the shortest nigh
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Planets
- An object that orbits around a star, spherical, and does not share an orbit with another.
- The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They are then seperated by an asteroid field. Then the outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
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Solar System
- A group of planets that circle around one or more stars

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Retrograde Motion
- The movement of an object usually a planet that goes west to east instead of it's usual east to west.
- This is generally caused when Earth is passing that planet in it's orbit.

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Astronomical Units
- The average distance from the sun to Earth
- 150 x 10^6
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Orbital Radius
The average distance between the Sun and an object orbiting around it.
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Geocentric Model
A model of the Solar System where the Earth is in the center and all the planets orbit around it in perfect circles
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Heliocentric Model
The model where all the planets orbit around the sun
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Comet
- An object composed of rocky material, ice and gas.
- It comes from the Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud
- When it gets close to the sun the
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Asteroid
Any object in space whether a speck of dust or a 500km wide rock
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Meteoroid
A piece of rock moving through space
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Meteor
A meteoroid that entered the Earth's atmosphere and burned up.
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Meteorite
A meteoroid big enough to enter the Earth's atmosphere and reach ground without be burned up completely
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Mercury
Covered in craters, close in size to the moon, no atmosphere so extreme temperature differences.
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Venus
shrouded in thick clouds, sister planet to earth, acid rain(sulfuric), nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, hotter than mercury because atmosphere traps heat
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Earth
has life, has water in three phases, water covers nearly 3/4 of surface, nitrogen oxygen and water vapor in atmosphere
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Mars
Iron makes surface red, tall volcano (3x Mont Everest, 900 km/h winds, 2 polar ice caps,thin atmosphere, carbon dioxide.
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Jupiter
largest planet, Great Red Spot is a giant storm in clouds, thin ice rings, helium and hydrogen, shortest day.
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Saturn
rings made of ice particles that range in size, hydrogen and helium.
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Uranus
methane in atmosphere gives blue/green colour, helium and hydrogen, rotation on its side, 4th biggest.
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Neptune
Thin ice rings, hydrogen and helium, outermost planet, 3rd biggest.
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Trans-Neptunian object
- Any object that orbits the sun outside of Jupiter
- i.e. Kuiper's Belt, Oort Cloud, Pluto...
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