SMT 3 final exam

  1. In electromagnetic induction a spinning magnet (fluctuating magnetic field) induces ____ into conductive coils, which surround the magnet
    electricity
  2. the electromagnetic induction principle developed by Michael Faraday in 1831 is important to us because it helped trigger the ____ industry
    electric motor and generator
  3. James Clerk Maxwell explained Clausius' entropy as ___
    disorder (randomness) or chaos
  4. Which of the following is one of the eight great technologies according to Burke
    assembly line, nuclear power, telecommunication, computer, jet engine, plastics, liquid fuel, television
  5. throughout history we have witnessed periods of lasting increases in the rate of technological development. All these periodic increases are due to improved ____
    communication
  6. power = volts x___
    current
  7. if the power running through a power line is 20,000 watts and the voltage is 1000 volts then what is the current in the line?
    • current = power / voltage
    • current = 20,000 / 1000 = 20 amps
  8. Edison demonstrated the dangers of ____ by electrocuting ____
    alternating current (AC), animals
  9. Ac electricity was chosen as the preferred form of electrical power from the power plat because its ___ can easily adn efficiently be changed using a ___
    voltage (and current) transformer

    easy to change AC to DC (but difficult & costly to change DC to AC), transformer
  10. Ac power of 100 volts and 1 ampere enters a transformer with 5 coils and exits the transformer with 25 coils. What is the exiting voltage and current?
    • V in N out/ N in = v out
    • 100 x 25 / g = 500 volts

    • Amps in x N in / N out = current
    • 1 x 5/25 = 0.2 amps
  11. Ac can be converted into DC by passing the AC through a ___
    rectifier (diode)
  12. stem cells
    con reproduce and differentiate into specialized cells such as blood muscle and neural cells
  13. Sir Isaac Newton told us about gravity and gave us a simple elegant equation to calculate it. The force of gravity is proportional to ___ of two objects and inversely proportional to their _____.
    • mass, distance^2
    • mass; distance/r^2

    the product of two masses & inversely proportional to the square distance between their centers of masses

    mass; weight
  14. Daniel Bernoulli told us about the physics of fluids and described it mathematically telling us that [ (density x velocity^2 / 2) + pressure = constant ] which means fluid velocity is inversely related to its pressure. A flying Frisbee floats partly because the velocity of air passing over the Frisbee's _____ is ______ than the air velocity passing the bottom therefore creating higher pressure on the Frisbee's bottom creating lift.
    Top,Higher
  15. Sulfur and Nitrogen oxides from coal burning combine with water in the atmosphere to form ______.
    Acid rain
  16. The transistor is a solid state electronic _____ with _____ moving parts.
    Switch,No
  17. Albert Einstein won a Nobel Prize in 1922 for telling us about the photoelectric effect. Which one of Burkes major technologies owes its origin to the photoelectric effect?
    Television
  18. Einstein also told us E = mc^2 which tells us that the _____ and ______ of an object is directly proportional and interchangeable.
    Mass,Energy
  19. Antimatter was first observed in 1955. Since then extremely small amounts have been made. When antimatter contacts matter the matter changes into _________.
    energy
  20. If we could convert 2 gram of matter into energy it would be equivalent to about ____ Hiroshima size atomic bombs.
    3
  21. The simple act of observing or measuring a quantum particle like an atom destroys its ______? This is the basis of emerging quantum cryptography technology.
    wave function
  22. Intel co-founder, Gordon Moore claimed that the number of ______ on a chip could _______ every 24 months. This has since become known as Moore's Law.
    transistors, double
  23. The N side or cathode of a solid state Si (group 4) diode could be doped with a group _______ element.
    • Arsenic
    • 5
    • 5 (Arsenic, Phosphorus)
  24. Electrical power loss in the transmission cable is equal to resistance x current ^ 2. This electrical power is sent at very high voltage to _______. (Hint: remember power = current x volts)
    lower current

    lower / reduced current

    to get lower current for less power loss can result through the power grid
  25. Which of the following is not an option suggested by Burke to cope with the rapid technological changes we face?
    These are suggested:

    • Scrap all technology and go rural.Selective research only.Stop R&D and share out existing technology.
    • Keep going the way have.

    So, pick one that doesn't match the above.
  26. In a diode electrons flow in one direction, from the ______ to the _________.
    Cathode, Anode
  27. Which of the following persons worked alone with no outside influence or collaborators
    no inventor works alone
  28. In a special type of solid state diode the N side is higher energy than the P side and under forward bias, current flow electrons combine with holes at the junction interface to produce ____
    light particles
  29. the ___ is a solid state replacement for vacuum tube
    transistor
  30. graphite, diamonds and buckminsterfullerene are all allotropes of _____
    carbon
  31. in the garden hose analogy to elecricity the ___ is analogous to resistance (ohms) and the ___ is analogous to volts.
    hose or wire diameter water pressure
  32. nuclear fission is the ____ of an element while nuclear fusion is the ___ of small elements to make a large element
    splitting, combination (fusion)
  33. branch of technology, which deals with dimensions and tolerances of 10^-7 meters, especially the manipulation of individual atoms or molecules is called ____.
    nanotechnology
  34. What are Luddites
    people who are threatened by technology
  35. Early 20th century, american scientist, inventor and educator responsible for increasing the farmers' productivity and wealth
    George Washington Carver
  36. Burke believes that ordinary people are often prevented from sharing in scientific and technological discussions because they
    lack jargon (specialized words)

    they do not understand what you are saying, the words sound unfamiliar as if another language
  37. Inventors are generally
    driven, perseverance, purpose focused, passionate
  38. the development of a near perfect vacuum allowed the development of
    • thermionic valves
    • vacuum tube, electric light bulb, electronics, tv tube, & thermos
    • semiconductors
  39. the uncertainty principle and entanglement theory are topics in
    quantum mechanics
  40. Light amplification by stimulated emission radiation results in _______.
    lasers
  41. How are communications and technological development related?
    Rate of technology change is proportional to rate of information exchange (communication).catalyze economic development and strengthen social networks.
  42. Why is technology changing faster now than 200 years ago
    Digital telecommunication

    faster information exchange

    rate of exchange is proportional to rate of information exchange

    positive feedback, trying to speed it up (biotechnology, nanotechnology)
  43. Why is it difficult to predict future technological developments
    hard to tell the future nothing is certain

    future outcomes vs. actual outcomes
  44. Which of the following is a trigger for technological change according to burke
    Deliberate attempts,Unexpected discovery,Unrelated developments,War and Religion,Accidents & unforeseen circumstances,Weather
  45. Give a unit of electrical power equivalent to J/s
    Watts (w)
  46. What is the difference between fusion and fission?
    • fusion = fusing
    • fission = splitting
  47. In the simplest terms, what were the motivations of A. Einstein, I. Newton, D. Bernoulli and R. Clausius which led to their discoveries
    to explain the world around us

    technology sometimes referred to as applied sciences. Improved our lives
  48. Give examples of genetically modified items you may have used recently.
    • corn soy canola
    • Tomatoes
    • Fruits/Veggies/ Salmon
    • Are things sprayed to them so they can last longer.
  49. How does a light emitting diode, LED, works?
    Electrons from the higher energy N side drop at the junction to lower energy p side. Giving off the energy as light particles (photons).

    2 Lead semiconductors-Electroluminescence is the phenomenon of a material emitting light when electric current or an electric field is passed through it - this happens when electrons are sent through the material and fill electron holes.
  50. In fluid flow, how are pressure and velocity related?
    Inversely proportional
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SMT 3 final exam
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