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Common features
- hallucinogen - illusions
- psychotomimetic - mimic endogenous psychosis
- phantasicum, psychedelic - mind expanding
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LSD family
- indole type hallucinogens
- similar to serotonin
- LSD - lysergic acid diethylamide
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Phenylethylamines
- Similar to catecholamines
- mixed hallucinogenic and stimulant effects
- mescaline
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LSD type hallucinogens
- come from ergot plant
- psilocybin and psilocin -> alkaloids in mushrooms
- DMT: naturally occurring LSD-like substance in plants
- Morning glory seeds -> have lysergic acid amide
- Bufotenin -> alkaloid on toads
- Harmine and harmaline
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Mescaline
- in peyote cactus
- mescal button
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methoxyamphetamines
- synthetic derivative of mescaline
- designer drugs
- DOM
- TMA
- MDA and MDMA
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Major effects
- Sensory-perceptual
- pseudohallucinations
- illusions
- synesthesias
- Psychic experiences
- Somatic effects
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Mechanism of action
- LSD and other hallucinogens are 5-HT2a postsynaptic receptor agonists
- Only short term tolerance to LSD
- NO withdrawal, dependence, or addiction
- Focus on 5-HT systems b/c structurally similar
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