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AbbyKrish
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Altemeyer (1981) studied RWA in which there were 3 types of attitudes that he found that compromised RWA, what are they?
- authoritarian submission
- authoritarian aggression
- conventionalism
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authoritarian submission
a strong degree of submission to perceived legitimate authority in one's society
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authoritarian aggression
a general aggression and hostility directed towards out-groups
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conventionalism
a strong adherence to social norms and traditions that are perceived as sanctioned by recognized authorities
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Altemeyer identified that people with HIGH RWA tend to be more...
- conservative politically
- wish to restrict personal freedoms
- tend to hold more orthodox religious views
- tend to be very prejudiced towards out-groups
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what is Social Dominance Orientation (SDO)?
- is a preference for inequality among social groups
- opposite of egalitarianism
- an attitude towards intergroup relationships which says that groups are different and organized into a hierarchical structure within society
- is highly correlated with racism and sexism
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who is high and low in SDO?
- occupational status (police vs. public defender)
- group status (men vs. women)
- political conservatives as opposed to liberals
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when group is threatened
- high SDOs want to maintain high status and show out-group derogation
- low SDOs oppose group differences and reduce in-group bias
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need for cognition
the dispositional tendency to enjoy cognitive activity vs. to find effortful cognition aversive (and therefore rely on heuristics)
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need for structure
the degree to which an individual desires clear, certain or unambiguous knowledge (ex:// structure). Pople with high need for structure prefer to halt the acquisition of further information about the world in order to reduce ambiguity
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need for cognitive closure
the tendency to desire an answer on a given topic, any answer, as compared to confusion and ambiguity. This may lead an individual to preserve (or freeze) a certain state of knowledge and to block out subsequent information that might negate to invalidate the belief
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three ways that the lack of diversity undermines social psychology
- liberal values and assumptions can become embedded into theory and method
- researchers may concentrate on topics that validate the liberal progress narrative and avoid topics that contest that narrative
- negative attitudes regarding conservatives can produce a psychological science that mischaracterizes their traits and attributes
- confirmation bias
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behavioural immune system hypothesis
- disgust evolved to promote disease-avoidance
- may promote avoidance of anything that could be a contaminant and that is why disgust elicits aversion to contact with out-groups, as well as unorthodox sexual practices, and more generally anything that seems un-pure
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