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glucose threshold?
Reabsp if <160
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Urine test changes after 2h @ RT?
- increased: nitrite, pH, turbidity
- decreased: glucose, ketones, bili, urobili, cells, casts
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What ARE ketones?
End products of fat metabolism (BHB, acetone, acetoacetate)
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Tamm horsefall protein AKA
uromodulin
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REVIEW alk/acid/abnormal crystals WITH pictures
See notes or wordsology
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What is seen on a dipstick in... glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, cystits/UTI?
- glomerulonephritis: increase RBC, some casts (increased if acute)
- pyelonephritis: Nitrate+, +LE, increased WBC, some casts (increased if acute)
- nephrotic syndrome: increased protein, fat droplets, oval fat bodies
- cystitis/UTI: bacteria, WBCs
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transudate exudate
- transudate: clear, decreased protein, cell count, etc
- CHF, osmotic pressure
- transudate is transparant
- exudate: cloudy, high protein, cell count, etc
- infections, malignancies
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