-
Colony stimulating factor?
glycoprotein that bind to hemopoatic stem cells activating proliferation/differentiation
-
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- "tuberculate macroconidia"
- Found in guano (birds/bats) and soil beneath
- "River valley"
- Usually subclinical
-
Cell seen in Hodgkins?
- Reed-Sternberg
- (giant cells in tissue biopsy)
- vaguely resembles Giardia (2 eyes)
-
Overproduction of platelets
- Essential thrombocythemia
- Essential thrombocytosis
-
Histogram axes
- Y axis = volume
- X axis = DF1 granularity (light scatter)
-
Oligoclonal bands
Immunoglobulin band (MS screen)
-
Ionized calcium left to stand =
- Increased result?
- pH change inversed = ionized calcium change
-
Ingesting mothballs (naphthalene poisoning)
- methemoglobin leads to hemolytic anemia (esp G6PD def)
- hgbemia
- hgburia
- Heinz Bodies
-
GNC after jaw surgery
Veillonella (ana)
-
-
- Alternaria spp
- Plant pathogens
- Allergens (hay fever, asthma)
-
- Geotrichum candidum
- lung/organ disease geotrichosis
- sour rot of fruits/veggies
-
Malassezia furfur complex
- Liopophilic yeast
- olive oil overlay
-
calculate %error
(accepted-experimental)/accepted x 100%
-
Std D
- deviation = average-actual
- std deviation = Εall devations / # measurements
-
- Fusarium
- Soil, mostly harmless
- Some produce toxins
-
Cocaine metabolite
Benzoylecgonine
-
- Curvularia
- *note large middle circle causes curve
- plant pathogen
-
exp - CPD/CP2D / CPDA-1 / Additive (AS_)
- CPD/CP2D: 21d
- CPDA-1: 35d
- Additive: 42d
-
Purpose of Heparin-Manganese chloride?
Precipitate apoprotein-B-containing liporpotiens (LDL/VLDL)
-
-
Zygomycetes
- Mostly soil/decaying dead stuff
- Some parasites
- Spores (sexual and asexual)
-
- Blastomyces dermatiditis
- blastomycosis - invasive/serious in endemic regions
- soil/wet wood/near waterway
-
X factor = ?
V factor = ?
interaction w/ S aureus?
- *para = needs X
- SBA inactivates NAD, S aureus produces NAD and hemin from B lysis
-
Thrombin time purpose
Prolonged time indicates fibrinogen abnormality
-
ANA speckled pattern indicates
SLE
-
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- female big
- penetrate skin
-
S. aureus ferments...?
- Mannitol (yellow on MSA)
- ?Glucose?
-
Choriocarcinoma is? Where?
germ-cell tumor (usually placenta)
-
Major characteristics of Plasmodium
falciparum, vivax
- F: multiple rings
- gametocyte like banana
- V: schuffner's dots
-
-
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica disease?
pediatric meningitis (premature NBs)
-
If coag tube isn't filled...?
- Prolonged times (extra anticoagulant)
- Need 9:1
-
D and e
almost all D+ is e+
-
Purpose of Protein C and S?
- Natural anticoagulants
- Inactive Factor 5 ∴ decrease clotting
-
wright stain too pink
- ph too acidic
- time too short
-
How do you know if the plasma used for PTT has been contaminated with heparin
- Thombin time will be increased
- (PT may be normal or slightly increased)
-
-
DiGeorge Syndrome
No thymus ∴ decreased T cells
-
Howell Jolly is composed of?
DNA
-
Pappenheimer bodies made of? Stain with?
-
Fibrinogen reference range
150-400mg/dL
-
CPDA-1 advantage?
- Extra adenine (more ATP) allows longer time
- (35 days)
-
Autoclave sterilization
121C, 15PSI, 15-40m
-
Ziehl-Neilson stain
Kinyoun stain
- AFB stains
- ZN: HEAT into the cells
- K: no heat, increased [carbol fuschion]
-
- Sporothrix schenckii
- "Cigar bodies" in yeast form
- rose cutters
- "shanked in"
-
beta-gamma bridge on SPEP
Liver disease (esp alcohol)
-
Type I hypersensitivity reaction caused by?
- IMMEDIATE hypersensitivity reactions
- IgE release of histamines from mast cells and basophils
-
enzyme tests that are needed for muscle dystrophy
CK
-
What is the chloride shift?
- The exchange of Cl- and HCO3- across RBC membs
- pH decrease -> K+ decrease (plasma)
-
anion gap normal values
- Na-HCO3-Cl
- AG: <11mEq/L
- Na: 135-145mEq/L
- HC: 22-28mEQ/L
- Cl: 96-106 mEq/L
-
Acquired stomatocytosis?
Alcoholic liver disease
-
- trichuris trichiura
- Whipworm (looks like whip)
-
Micrococcus antibiotic R (not on chart)
Furazolidone (100ug)
-
Purpose of potassium permanganate in auramine rhodamin
Quenching agent (background)
-
Whooping cough specimen?
Nasopharyngeal swab
-
RAST (RIST?) test?
Allergies, tests for specific IgE Ab
-
Le and Se gene. Pheneotype?
-
CO2 ISE principle
- CO2 gas permeable membrane
- Change in pH
-
Cause of pseudo pelger huet?
AML, CML, Myelodysplastic syndrome
-
Fluorimetry basics?
abs one wavelenght and releases another (usually less energy, longer wavelength)
-
high TIBC
iron def anemia
-
Low in serum iron, low tibc, normal (or high) ferritin
anemia of chronic disease
-
-
Thermistor
- "thermally sensitive resistor"
- resistance reduce by heating
-
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- "encapsulated yeast"
- Lung infections
- meningitis in AIDS
-
Mycobacterium associated with tap water
- M. gordonae
- "tap water bacillus"
-
cat scratch fever
Bartonella
-
vitamin k and hemin in agar?
Enhance anaerobes
-
Fecal occult blood reagant?
Hydrogen Peroxide
-
Cushing's syndrome
- Increased cortisol, ?decreased ACTH?
- Moon face, weight gain, etc
-
B subgroup causing MF?
Bx
-
Decrease in free PSA?
- Cancer indicator vs benign prostate condition
- (free is damanged)
-
TIBC calc
TIBC = sIron + UIBC
-
dipstick glucose vs clinitest
- Dipstick MORE sensitive
- Clinitest not spp for glucose (any reducer)
-
Metabolite of Primidone
Phenobarbital
-
pseudocholinesterase deficiency related to?
Sleep apnea
-
Fletchers media for?
Leptospira spp
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