Radiology3- Repro Tract Imaging

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What are indications for uterus survey radiographs? (3)
- confirm enlarged uterus
- number and approximate age of fetuses
- fetal viability
Why might you use abdominal compression when taking survey radiographs of the uterus?

separate colon and bladder from uterine body
What are indications for uterine ultrasound? (4)
- confirm pregnancy
- fetal viability/ fetal stress
- predict parturition date
- assess cause of mildly enlarged uterus
What is the normal U/S appearance of the uterus? (3)
- tubular without luminal fluid
- lacks defined wall layering
- +/- echogenic line neat lumen during estrus (endometrial edema)
Describe the radiographic appearance of a normal uterus. (4)
- not normally seen
- 1cm in diameter
- body of uterus is between colon and bladder
- cannot distinguish b/w small intestine
What is the radiographic appearance of the pregnant uterus of a dog (30 days after ov) and of a cat (25-35 days gest)?

uterine enlargement
When does radiographic fetal mineralization begin in pregnant dogs and cats?
- dogs: 40 days of gest
- cats: 36-45 days of gest
What are U/S findings of a pregnant uterus at 25-30 days gestation?

gestational sac
When can you detect a fetal heartbeat with U/S?

30 days gest
When can you detect fetal mineralization with U/S?

40 days gest
What is a normal fetal heart rate?

1.5-2 times that of the mother (slow fetal HR is an indicator of fetal stress)
What are differentials for generalized uterine enlargement on rads without any mineralization? (7)
- early pregnancy
- pseudopregnancy
- pyometra
- hydrometra
- mucometra
- uterine torsion
- cystic endometrial hyperplasia
What are differentials for localized uterine enlargement on rads? (5)
- neoplasia
- cystic endometrial hyperplasia
- loculated pyometra, hydrometra, mucometra
- granuloma
- abscess
What are differentials for gas in the uterus on rads? (4)
- fetal death
- ischemia secondary to torsion
- emphysematous pyometra
- iatrogenic
What are radiographic signs of fetal death? (4)
- malalignment of fetal bones
- collapse of skull bones
- uterine gas
- decreased fetal mineralization
How do normal ovaries appear on rads?

you don't see normal ovaries on rads
How can you differentiate an ovarian mass from a kidney on radiographs?

excretory urogram
What are indications for U/S exam of the ovaries? (3)
- assess parenchyma and follicular structures
- ovarian mass versus other peritoneal mass
- ovarian remnant
What is the location of the ovaries (to help you find them with U/S)?
- ventral and lateral to the caudal pole of each kidney
- peritoneal (NOT RETROPERITONEAL)
What are differentials for an ovarian mass? (2)
- neoplasia
- cyst
- [if mineralized, consider teratoma or teratocarcinoma]
Describe use for radiographs of the testes.
- most useful for intra-abdominal testes
- really nothing to see as far as normally descended testicles
Describe the U/S appearance of normal testes. (2)
- homogenous echogenicity and echotexture (similar to spleen)
- epididymus is hypoechoic structure dorsomedial to testicle
What are differentials for an intra-abdominal testicular mass? (2)
- neoplasia (sertoli cell tumor)
- testicular torsion
- [color doppler- torsion will show no blood flow, mass with have blood flow]
What are differentials for symmetrical enlargement of intra-scrotal testes? (4)
- orchitis
- torsion
- hydrocele
- vascular abnormalities
What are differentials for asymmetrical enlargement of intra-scrotal testes? (5)
- neoplasia
- varicocele
- sperm granuloma
- hematoma
- abscess

Author

Mawad

330174

Card Set

Radiology3- Repro Tract Imaging

Description

vetmed radiology3

Updated

2017-04-24T17:15:55Z

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