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Conditions conducive to icing
- OAT =<10°C &
- visible moisture present or
- moisture on wing or
- wing fuel temp =<0° & OAT/dew pt spread =<3°C or
- conditions conducive to frost formation exist or
- water, ice, or snow on ramp, rwy, or taxiway
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conditions conducive to icing - ground/TO
- OAT =<10C
- ramps, taxiways, or runways contain snow, ice, standing water, or slush
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conditions conducive to icing - flight
- TAT =<10C
- visible moisture in any form (clouds, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals) is encountered
- EXCEPT when SAT is -40C or below
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What is the clean aircraft concept?
The aircraft will not take off with frost, ice, or snow adhering to the wings, control surfaces, engine inlets, or other critical surfaces.
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What is a Cold Weather Preflight Inspection?
Visual and tactile check of critical surfaces for frozen contaminants.
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When must a Cold Weather Preflight Inspection be performed?
- OAT is =<5°C or
- conditions conducive to icing exist or
- RON aircraft subject to contamination or
- through flight where residual ice from the inbound flight may have accumulated or
- wing fuel temp <=0°C or
- cold soak ice is suspected in fuel tank area
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When is take off permitted with frost adhering to the aircraft?
- <= 1/8 inch on underside of wing fuel tank area caused by cold soaked fuel
- upper surface of fuselage through which it is possible to distinguish surface features.
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What defines cold soaked?
-30°C for >8 hours
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What additional procedures must be followed when aircraft is cold soaked?
- dry motor for 60 secs and verify fan rotation
- idle thrust until oil pressure in normal range
- actuate thrust reversers until deploy/stow cycle <5 secs for CRJ200 or 2 secs for CRJ 700/900
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What are the deicing communication elements?
- A: fluid type
- B: fluid percentage
- C: time application began
- E: post application check for clean surfaces is complete
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When does the HOT begin?
Final application of the deicing/anti-icing fluid
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When is a Pre-Takeoff Contamination Check required?
for the CRJ 700/900: within 5 mins of takeoff whenever the HOT has been exceeded, to ensure critical surfaces free of contaminants
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What constitutes 'contaminated'?
when more than 25% of the surface area within the reported length and width being used is covered by more than 1/8" (3mm) of standing water or its equivalent in slush, wet snow, dry snow, or any depth of ice or compacted snow.
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Cowls - ON for ground ops when:
- OAT <=10°C and
- visible moisture is present or
- visibility <=1 mile or
- ops on surfaces where ice, snow, standing water or slush is present
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Wings - CRJ 200 - ON for taxi when:
- OAT <=5°C and
- no Type II or Type IV anti-icing
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Cowls - ON for T/O when:
- OAT <=10°C and
- visible moisture (any precip or vis <=1 mi) or
- runway is contaminated
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Wings - CRJ 200 - ON for T/O when:
- OAT <=5°C and
- visible moisture in any form (precip, fog, mist, or clouds below 400' AGL) or
- runway is wet or contaminated
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Wings - CRJ 700/900 - ON for T/O when:
- OAT <=5°C and
- visible moisture (any precip or vis <= 1 mile) or
- runway is contaminated
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Cowls - ON in flight when:
- in icing conditions or
- ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system
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Wings - ON in flight when:
- in icing conditions at <230 KIAS or
- when ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system
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What is the procedure if icing conditions are encountered in the CRJ200 during climb?
- Select wing anti-ice on, then
- Cowl anti-ice on
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What elements are required on a release?
- Trip/flight #
- Aircraft ID
- Airports - departure, destination, alternate
- Type of operation (IFR/VFR)
- Minimum fuel supply
- WX (latest available)
- open MEL and/or CDL items on DMI log
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What is MINTO?
- Burnoff
- Alternate (most distant)
- Reserve
- Hold
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How much can release fuel be decreased without concurrence of Dispatcher?
- 200 lbs or
- 50% of contingency
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How much can release fuel be increased without concurrence of Dispatcher?
0
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When is an alternate required?
- 1 hr before to 1 hr after ETA, ceiling <2000' & vis <3 mi or
- for Alaska, if only 1 suitable runway or
- no IAP or
- freezing precipitation is forecast or
- RCC <3
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When is a second alternate required?
- when the WX forecast for the destination and first alternate are marginal (WX at ETA =< lowest authorized minima at each airport) or
- anytime conditional WX Exemption 17347 is used
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When is a takeoff alternate required?
when the WX at the airport of takeoff is below the visibility landing mins for that airport
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When is a new/amended release required?
- whenever PIC/Dispatcher thinks it's needed
- aircraft change
- delay of >2 hours
- unable to depart in accordance with original release
- return to departure airport
- departure after unscheduled landing
- SkyWest only: crewmember change
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What are the report for duty times?
- domestic 45 minutes
- international 60 minutes
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When must you report to the aircraft/departure gate?
35 minutes prior to departure
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How is flight crew ID verified?
SkyWest crewmember not on trip, SkyWest employee, or authorized ground crew verify company ID against trip sheet, release, or electronic means
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What are the required flight items for pilots?
- pilot's certificate
- medical
- company ID
- flashlight
- headset
- EFB, back-up battery & bag
- current Jepps, FOM & SOPM
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What additional flight items are required for pilots for international operations?
- passport
- FCC Restricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit
- spare glasses
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What are the 'Report for Duty' requirements for the EFB?
- be in good working order - no damage, cracks, or other defects that would affect operations
- minimim battery charge of 80%
- back-up battery charged to 100%
- Jepp FD-Pro updated (Today marker within green bar)
- Company Manuals synced within 4 calendar days
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What's required for an FAA inspector to occupy the jumpseat?
Form 110A (example in FOM Ch 5)
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Where is the list of authorized jumpseat occupants?
FOM Ch 5 - Admission to the Flight Deck
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How much does a carry on weigh when it's gate-checked?
30 lbs
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What is the procedure for handling ticketed cabin baggage?
- Pax buys a seat for the baggage
- baggage is issued a boarding pass
- FA is notified by list/verbally
- Pax must carry baggage on and secure it in the seat
- baggage cannot be in an exit row
- baggage must be <=165 lbs
- for W&B, baggage = child's weight
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What weight is assigned to a live animal carried in the cabin?
- cabin pets = 0, pet is considered the pax's carry on item allowance
- service animals = 0, pet is NOT considered the pax's carry on item
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How are infants handled for W&B?
- an infant is 0 - 2 years old
- infant's weight = 0
- infant included on PIN for # of souls on board count
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What is the wind limit when braking action is reported less than good
max crosswind of 10 knots
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What limitations are placed on the aircraft when operating at altitudes that have dashed lines on the speed card VMD speed lines?
At the applicable altitude & weight:
- Bank angles >15° prohibited
- Holding prohibited
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Continuous Ignition uses
- CRJ200 T/O with crosswind component >10 knots
- T/O & landing on contaminated runway
- Flight thru moderate or heavier intensity rain
- Flight thru moderate or heavier intensity turbulence
- Flight in the vicinity of thunderstorms
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Min O2 for dispatch internationally
1650 psi
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Min O2 for dispatch domestically
Refer to chart in SOPM Ch 4 Op Procedures, Preflight, Supplemental, O2 Pressure Req's
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Reduced Thrust T/O exceptions
- CRJ200 flaps 8 takeoff
- anti-skid inop
- cowl &/or wing anti-ice ON
- takeoff rwy contaminated with standing water, slush, ice or snow
- takeoff behind a heavy aircraft
- tailwind component >5 knots
- warnings of windshear or downdrafts forecast or reported
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CRJ700/900 EICAS reduced thrust N1
=> N1 value on TLR
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What is the procedure for a Rejected Takeoff?
Prior to V1 CA calls for and performs the abort:
- Thrust levers - IDLE
- Wheel Brakes - Apply max braking until safe stop
- Thrust Reversers - Apply max consistent with directional control
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What are the FO's actions during a Rejected Takeoff?
- If PF, "Your controls"
- Monitor airplane deceleration status
- Verify reverse thrust
- Advise ATC
- After stopping, perform checklists as applicable
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What are the CA's actions during a Rejected Takeoff?
- Call and perform the abort
- Set parking brake
- Communicate with FAs & PAX, as necessary
- Request appropriate checklist as applicable
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What communication statement must be made to the FA for the FA to prepare the cabin for evacuation?
Assess and wait for my command
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If decision to expedite deplaning is made following a rejected take off, what PA is made and when?
- This is the Captain. Remain seated and follow the direction of your FAs.
- As directed by the QRC Emergency Evacuation Procedure
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Following an evacuation, where should the PAX be directed to?
- Beyond fire equipment
- Off paved surface if possible
- Out of range of possible fire or explosion
- Away from aircraft, at least 500' upwind
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What equipment should the FO take from the flight deck during an evacuation?
- On land: Fire extinguisher & Crash axe
- On water: Flashlight & flotation
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On initial climb, with flaps in take off setting, what speed allows full maneuvering?
V2 + 20
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On initial climb, with flaps 0, what speed allows full maneuvering?
VFTO
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Minimum takeoff flap retraction speeds CRJ 700/900
- Flaps 8
- V8 to V1 : V2 + 12
- V1 to V0 : VFTO - 15
- Flaps 20
- V20 to V8 : V2 + 12
- V8 to V1 : V2 + 20
- V1 to V0 : VFTO - 15
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In flight, what QRC/QRH checklist items require PF confirmation?
- Thrust Levers
- Generators
- Guarded Switches
- Engine fire push switches
- Boost pumps
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What are the elements of an NTSBO briefing?
- Nature - conditions creating the emergency & expected landing condition
- Time - available for preparation before landing
- Signal - for evacuation, expedited deplaning
- Brace - determine when necessary
- Other - pertinent info
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What conditions would warrant a BRACE command?
- Water landing or
- Any time outcome of landing is in question
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How is the BRACE command given?
"Brace, brace, brace" over the PA just prior to landing
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When are oxygen masks donned?
- pilot out of flight deck >FL250 or
- smoke, fire, or fumes are present or
- emergency descent or
- oxygen deficiency or contamination suspected
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Regarding use of the oxygen masks, how is the ACP configured and how is communication established?
- Oxygen mask - don
- Normal/100% lever - 100%
- Mask/boom switch - mask
- Audio panel R/T/I/C switch - off
- Control yoke R/T/I/C selector - off
- Audi panel speaker - on
- CA/FO on O2
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How is descent fuel consumption calculated for the fuel planning section of the release?
Based on (unrealistic) power idle descent from TOD to landing.
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What defines Emergency Fuel?
<30 mins fuel endurance remaining upon landing at intended destination
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What are the emergency fuel values for the CRJ 200/700/900?
- CRJ200 1050 lbs
- CRJ700 1500 lbs
- CRJ900 1550 lbs
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What defines Minimum Fuel?
- estimated fuel remaining on touchdown at the airport of intended landing < minimum specified in SOPM Minimum/Emergency fuel table &
- no undue delay can be accepted
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What are the minimum fuel values for the CRJ 200/700/900?
- CRJ200 1500 lbs
- CRJ700 2100 lbs
- CRJ900 2150 lbs
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When can the post-flight external inspection be waived?
- outbound crew at aircraft prior to termination checklist
- aircraft remains powered
- inbound crew resolves any discrepancies
- outbound crew does walkaround
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What pitch attitude should you lower the nose to during a high altitude stall recovery?
-5° to -10°
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What airspeed should you accelerate to when recovering from a high speed stall?
- CRJ200: 250 / .70
- CRJ700/900: 250 / .74
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