-
The belief in a god who is indifferent to creation is
Deism
-
In religion studies, the word myth means
a story that is psychologically meaningful and may be historically true or not
-
Sigmund Freud, when analyzing the origin of religion, emphasized
the human need for psychological security
-
The American thinker who argued that religion brought new vitality to people's lives was
William James
-
Literally, the word religion means
connect again
-
The study of the question of being is referred to as
metaphysics
-
The question of knowing what we know is referred to as
epistemology
-
The approach that especially makes use of reason to find answers to religious questions is
Philosophy
-
Hinduism and Buddhism generally believe in ________ revelation.
intuitive
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Some religion such as Judaism and Christianity generally believe in ______ revelation.
progressive
-
One of the commonalities among most religion is
characteristics emotional experiences
-
Atheism has been tempered by culture and has emerged as a result of the
Age of Enlightenment
-
The study of religion is a fairly recent field and has emerged within the last
200 years
-
One of the main differences in Eastern and Western forms of revelation is that
ultimate truth comes from within in Eastern though, whereas for the West it is from without
-
Forms of meditation differ between Eastern and Western philosophies in that
Western meditation is a filling of the mind, while in the East it is an emptying of the mind
-
A Hindu social class, sanctioned by religion, is called a
caste
-
A sannyasin is a
wandering holy man
-
In Hinduism, dharma refers to
one's social duty
-
The goal of the ultimate liberation from egotism and from rebirth is called
moksha
-
The law of moral cause-and-effect is called the law of
karma
-
The deity of Vishnu incarnated on earth is
Krishna
-
Between 80-85% of all Hindus live in
India
-
Hinduism is heavily influenced by an ancient people called
Harrappa people
-
The oldest texts that the Hindus ascribe to are the
Vedas
-
Ultimate reality for Hindus exists within the divine presence uniting all things called
Brahman
-
One of the ways to reach Moksha in the life of Hindus is
yoga
-
For the Hindu idea of liberation comes from the reality that
all karma is a curse
-
The idea of the Trimurti closely resembles a later Western religious concept known as
the Christian concept of the Trinity
-
Although there are millions of gods in the Hindu tradition, most Hindus
devote themselves to one or a few gods
-
The difficulty behind fully grasping Hindu belief in its totality is because
they are comprised of polytheists, henotheists, and pantheists
-
The Buddha was first the man named
Siddhartha Gautama
-
The first of the noble truths that the Buddha taught was
to live is to suffer
-
One of the Noble Eightfold paths of Buddhism is
right intention
-
According to the Buddha, to end suffering you must
end desire
-
The Indian ruler responsible for expanding Buddhist teaching widely was
Ashoka
-
Buddhism focuses especially on
attaining inner peace
-
The older branch of Buddhism comprised of mostly monks is
Theravada
-
The "big vehicle" branch of Buddhism is known as
Mahayana
-
The suffering, dissatisfaction, and sorrow that life brings is called
dukkha
-
Having lived a protected life, Gautama was changed after
The Four Passing Sights
-
Although Buddha accepted reincarnation, he rejected the idea of a
soul
-
Without the reality of a soul, the substance that is being reincarnated is
the mental images and experiences of many lfetimes
-
The celebrated leader of the Tibetan Buddhism movement is
the Dalai Lama
-
A Bodhisattva is an enlightened being who
has delayed final enlightenment to help others on earth find enlightenment
-
Shunyata in Mahayana Buddhism is similar to Maya in Hinduism in that
both see the visible world as an illusion and therefore not reality
-
The destruction of the Second Temple changed the nature of the nature of the Hebrew Religion in that afterward
the Jewish religion became focused on the written word
-
Before 70 C.E., the reality of God's near presence has always been symbolically tied to
the tabernacle, later the Temple
-
The covenant - what God used to ratify his relationship with the people of Israel - means
contract
-
During the days of the Temple, a Jew was made acceptable before God with the institution of
sacrifices
-
The three categories of the Hebrew Bible are
Torah, Prophets, and Writings
-
The Jewish view of God can be expressed as
a monopersonal monotheism
-
The book the Jews comprised after they could no longer follow the Law of the sacrifices was
the Talmud
-
The period of "seeking out" after the Second Temple was destroyed leaving the Jews in search of a new center was
the Midrash
-
Judaism traces itself back to what legendary patriarch who is written about in the book of Genesis?
Abraham
-
The Shema, taken from Deuteronomy 6, recounts the central belief of Judaism that
God is one
-
The Talmud is
a long work of commentary based on biblical principles
-
It is believed that the destruction of the First Temple was a direct result of
a breach of God's covenant with Israel because of their disobedience
-
The event during WWII in which approximately six million Jews were annihilated in concentration camps was known as the
Holocaust
-
Many Jews by birth today are either agnostic or atheist largely because
of the Jews' suffering throughout history and the irreconcilable problem of evil
-
Many Jews by birth today are either agnostic or atheist largely because
Judaism is more about ethnicity than religious adherence or belief
-
Christianity builds its validity and central focus on the person of
Jesus Christ
-
Jesus claimed to forgive sins, causing Jews to be enraged because
he made himself equal with God since only God can forgive sins
-
Jesus said that all important religious laws could be summed up in the
Great Commandments
-
While it is believed that God is shrouded in mystery in the Old Testament, one of the purposes of Jesus's ministry was to
make known who God is
-
Literally, "gospel" means
good news
-
The rapid spread of Christianity following the life of Jesus was different from Judaism in that
Christianity was a "go and tell" religion
-
One of the figures that contributed to the vast spread of Christianity throughout the Mediterranean was
John
-
One of the factors of the spread of the early church was
the method early Christians used to share the message of Jesus
-
Christianity's uniqueness and difficulty behind the doctrine of the Trinity is
how God can be a tri-personal God and yet still be one
-
The books of Matthew, Mark, and Luke are what we call the
Gospel accounts
-
Apocalyptic literature found in the New Testament that also interprets like a dream is found in the book of
Revelation
-
The key figure of the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century was
Martin Luther
-
The break between Medieval Catholicism and the Protestant Reformation was the Protestants
belief in the centrality of the Scripture over the Church
-
The voracity for the belief in Jesus as Lord and God among Christians is found in
the belief in his resurrection from the dead
-
The key distinctions from Orthodox Protestant Christianity from most other religions is that
all of the above
-
Literally, the word "Muslim" means a person who
submits
-
Islam particularly stresses
oneness of God
-
The sacred book of Islam, which gives the sermons of Muhammad, is called
Qur'an
-
Unlike Jesus and Buddha, what made Muhammad different than other spiritual figures before him was that he was
a political force
-
The title of Allah is
the word for God in Arabic
-
It is believed among Muslims that in regards to the Qur'an, Muhammad was responsible for
placing the central focus on Allah being the only God
-
The phrase "Five Pillars of Islam" refers to
the essentials of Muslim beliefs
-
The Shiite branch developed because
of a disagreement over the line of succession from Muhammad
-
The successor to Muhammad, for centuries a political as well as a religious figure was called
Caliph
-
A response to the changing western culture was the idea of theocracy instituting Sharia law in
Saudi Arabia
-
Muhammad and his followers escaped from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina). This event
was the turning point, after which Muhammad gained success
-
The confession, which makes one a convert into Islam is called the
Shahada
-
The difference today between most peaceful Muslims an the radical extremists is
over the interpretation of Jihad (holy war) and who is the enemy
-
The institution of Sharia law makes it difficult to implement in democracy because
Sharia is itself a form of government
-
The modern popular personality who came out to speak against the oppression Muslim women faced was
Malala
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