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Aldehyde
Carbonyl, has a Carbon with double bond to O, single bond to H
AT END OF CARBON SKELETON
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Ketone
carbonyl, has a Carbon double bond to O
WITHIN THE CARBON SKELETON
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Carboxylic acid
Carbon double bonded to O, single bond to OH
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Organic Phosphate
tetrahedral phosphate with OH on right and bottom, double bond O on top, single O on left
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