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Sejune
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1/2 NS = 0.45%
HHypotonic
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Muscle weakeness
Hyponatremia
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Abdonimal cramps
hyponatremia
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Cerebral Edema
Hyponatremia
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Greatest effect of potassium imbalnce
Cardiac
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Increase of potassim can cause
cardiac irritability
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Potassium given when?
After first void
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Don't give what if they can't void
Potassium
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Cardiac changes of hypokalemia
Flattened T wave and ST wave depression
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Cardiac changes with hyperkalemia
Tall peaked T waves and widened QRS complex
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Hypotonic muscles
Hypochloremai
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Decreased respirations
hypochloremia
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Irritability
Hypochloremia
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Lab value of hypochloremai
<98
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Co2 and hyperventilation
C02 drops, it is blown off
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What excretes or conserves hydrogen ions and bicarbinate?
Kidneys
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Acts within miniutes to balance pH
Respiratory compensation
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Acts within hours or days to try and balance pH
Renal compensation
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Diarrhea
metabolic acidosis
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Prolonged vomiting
Metabolic alkalosis
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Large quantities of bicarbonate antacids
metabolic alkalosis
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Occurs when sodium loss is greater than water loss
Hypotonic dehydration
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tx for hypotonic dehydration
give hypertonic solution
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loss of water is greater than the loss of sodium
hypertonic deyhydration
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tx of hypertonic dehydration
hypertonic solution
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how many pounds of weight loss is severe in peds?
2
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weight loss
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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rapid-thready pulse
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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hypotension is a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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decreased urninary output is a clincial manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Dry mucous membranes are a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Absense of tears is a clinical manifestation of waht?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Sunken fontanel is a clinical manifestation of what?
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Increased urine specific gravity
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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elevated hemoglobin
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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elevated hematocrit
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Elevated glucose
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Elevated ZBUN
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Elevated Creatinine
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Elevated protein
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Dark urine
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Strong odor
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Urine specific gravity exceeds 1.030
clinical manifestation of dehydration
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Initial tx for dehydration
Oral rehydrating solution
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What drinks to avoid in dehydration
- Soft drinks
- fruit juice
- broth
- athletic drinks
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Carbohydrate content for dehydration tx
High
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electrolyte concentrations for tx of dehydration
low
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When do you initiate IV thereapy in dehydration?
When more severe or child cannot drink by mouth
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Fluid volume for tx of dehydration is based on...
weight and S&S
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Each kilo of weight loss is equal to how many ml of fluid lost?
1000
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Inflammation of the mucous memebranes of the stomach and intestines
Acute gastroenteritis
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May or may not see nausuea, vomitin, fever or abdominal pain
Acute gastroenteritis
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Is usually self limiting
Acute gastroenteritis
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Can lead to dehydration with significant morbidity and mortality
Acute gastroenteritis
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Can be cause dy viruses, bacteria and parasites
Acute gastroenteritis
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Dx with stool culture
Acute gastroenteritis
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Tx focuses on fluid replacement and correcting electrolyte imbalance
Acute gastroenteritis
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Do not use antiemetics
Acute gastroenteritis
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Do not use absorbent agents
Acute gastroenteritis
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Do not use gut motility medications
Acute gastroenteritis
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Use antibiotic therapy only if confirmed bacterial infection
Acute gastroenteritis
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