The flashcards below were created by user
miraclestar3
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
Opiates
drugs derieved form the opium poppy.
-
Opiates effects are
- analgesic- pain relieving
- hypnotic- sleep inducing
- euphoria- sense of happiness or ecstasy
-
Morphine
valuable as a treatment for the pain of surgery, battle wounds, and cancer
-
heroin
synthesized from morphine
-
Opiates have their own :
Receptors which are normally stimulated by endorphins
-
Depressants:
reduce activity in the nervous system
-
Stimulants
increase activity in the nervous system
-
In the study of conditioned tolerance to heroin
rats tolerated the drug less in a novel environment
-
withdrawl from alcohol
can be life threatening
-
The reason alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines are deadly taken together is that they
affect the same receptor complex
-
Psychedelic drugs often produce hallicuations by
stimulating serotoning receptors
-
Marijuana was the subject of disagreement among researchers because some of them
thought it failed to meet the standard test for addictiveness
-
Evidence that addiction does not depend on the drug's ability to produce withdrawl symptom is that
- produced in different parts of the brain
- either can be produced without the other in the lab
-
when rats trained to press a lever for electrical stimulationof the brain are given a drug that blocks dopamine receptors, lever pressing
decreases
-
the best argument that caffeine is an addictive drug like alcohol and nicotine is that
it affects the same processes in the brain
-
Evidence that dopemines contribution to addiction may be its effect on learning comes from a study in which
hippocampal stimulation released dopamine and restored learned lever pressing
-
Agonist treatments for drug addiction
mimic the drug's affect
-
Critics of treating drug addiction with drugs believe that
- getting over addiction should not be easy
- its wrong to give an addict another addictive drug
-
type of alcoholism in which the individual drinks regularly is associated with
antisocial personality disorder
-
Alcoholics often
have reduced serotonin and dopamine functioning
-
A drug or chemical that imitates or increases the effects of a neurotransmitter is called a (an)
agonist
-
Reduced cortical activity is typical of drugs that produce euphoria
true
-
A drug or chemical that interferes with or prevents the effects of a neurotransmitter is called a (an)
antagonist
-
A decrease in the ability of a drug to produced its desired or intended effect after it is administered repeatedly is
tolerance
-
The major psychoactive ingredient in marijuana is THC
THC
-
Opiates have what are termed hypnotic effects which means opiates can
induce sleep
-
Most Type 2 alcoholics are males
true
-
In addition to its
well-known effects on the GABA receptor, alcohol also affects the
_________ receptor or neurotransmitter system(s).
- serotonin
- glutamate.
- opiate
- cannabinoid
-
Aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiencies occur in approximately 2% of Japanese non-alcoholics and about 50% of Japanese alcoholics
True
-
Many of the drugs classified as hallucinogens or psychedelics are chemically similar to neurotransmitters. In particular,
the LSD molecule is structurally similar to serotonin
-
GABA is the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter
true
-
Glutamate is the most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter
true
-
The height of the P300 wave is related to responsiveness to novel stimuli
true
-
The benzodiazepine molecules
facilitate the binding of GABA and increase chloride influx
-
With chronic alcoholism vitamin B1 deficiency can occur, which can produce Korsakoff's syndrome
true
-
Compulsive gamblers are like drug addicts in that both have reduced glutamate activity in prefrontal brain areas
false
-
The naturally-occurring agent(s) internal to our nervous system that binds with the cannabinoid receptor
is anandamide
-
withdrawal symptoms produced by discontinuing a drug are
often opposite to the effects of the drug itself
-
The stimulant caffeine
blocks receptors for the neuromodulator adenosine.
-
Nicotine's effects depend upon how it is administered. When smoked in
short puffs nicotine produces _____ effects; when inhaled deeply it
produces ________ effects
-
Withdrawal symptoms after repeatedly using cocaine
typically mild
-
The drug known as naloxone is a(an)
opiate antagonist
|
|