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TRUE OR FALSE?
Acoelomates have
NO cavity lined with peritoneum of mesodermal origin
TRUE
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T OR F
IN ACOELOMATES, DIGESTIVE TUBE IS THE ONLY INTERNAL BODY CAVITY.
TRUE
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T OR F
IN ACOELOMATES THE MESODERM CONSISTS OF MUSCLE FIBERS.
TRUE
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF FLATWORMS
Flame cells = protonephridia
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DO FLATWORMS HAVE Respiratory, circulatory & skeletal systems ?
no
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REPRODUCTION OF FLATWORMS?
- Mostly monoecious
- asexually by fission.
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FLATWORM CLASS
Tubellaria
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HOW DO Tubellaria MOVE?
Ciliated epidermis, moves on slime it creates via cilia and muscles.
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HOW DO TUBELLARIA RESPIRE?
diffusion
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Endoparasites of vertebrates e.g., liver flukes, blood flukes, lung flukes
WHAT CLASS?
-
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2 TYPES OF HOSTS
- Intermediate host = the first host - is frequently a mollusc e.g., snail
- Definitive host = the last host is where sexual reproduction takes place
- Generally a vertebrate
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WHAT PARASITE HAS A FISH IN IT'S CYCLE?
- FLUKE
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WHAT CLASS IS THE TAPEWORMS?
Cestoda
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HOW TO TAPEWORMS OBTAIN NUTRIENTS?
all nutrients are absorbed across the integument
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WHAT IS AT THE TIP OF THE SCOLEX?
ROSTELLUM
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WHAT IS IT?
Immature proglottid showing the developing reproductive structures.
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WHAT IS IT?
Gravid (mature) proglottid of the tapeworm. Eggs fill the proglottid.
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Taenia saginata AKA....
BEEF TAPEWORM
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THE Juveniles OF BEEF AND PORK TAPEWORMS ARE CALLED?
Cysticerci
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HOW DOES Taenia saginata ATTACH ITSELF?
No hooks on rostellum - has suckers to attach to the intestinal wall
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HOW DOES Taenia solium ATTACH ITSELF?
Hooks and suckers on rostellum (tip of scolex)
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BEEF TAPEWORM WHERE IN BOTH HOSTS?
- BEEF = MUSCLE
- MAN = INTESTINE
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Taenia solium
WHERE IN HOSTS?
- PORK TAPEWORM
- PORK= MUSCLES
- MAN=INTESTINE.
- BURRROW TO BRAIN AND EYES
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T OR F
The false coelom is not lined with peritoneum.
TRUE
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WHAT FLUID FILLS
THE PSEUDOCOELOM?
perivisceral fluid
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Pseudocoelomates
SYMETERY
- Bilateral symmetry
- triploblastic = 3 germ layers
- Unsegmented
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Excretory system
OF Pseudocoelomates
- As in the Platyhelminthes
- consisting of a
- tubule and ending with
- a flame bulb or cell.
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
OF THE Pseudocoelomates
- nerve ring or
- cerebral ganglia connected
- to posterior and anterior nerves.
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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
OF THE Pseudocoelomates
- Sexes usually separate (dioecious)
- Eggs are microscopic
- with shell often containing chitin
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T OR F FLATWORMS ARE ACOELOMATIC?
TRUE
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ROUNDWORMS BELONG
TO WHAT PHYLUM?
Nematoda
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T OR F NEMATODES LACK CILIA AND FLAGELLA
TRUE
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T OR F
Muscles in body wall run longitudinally only,not laterally.
TRUE
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DO NEMATODES
HAVE NO
PROTONEPHRIDIA
- TRUE
- instead they have a canal system
- or gland cells opening
- by excretory pore
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NERVOUS SYSTEM OF NEMATODES
- Ring of nerve tissue and ganglia around the pharynx
- and give rise to small nerves
- and 2 nerve cords – 1 dorsal and 1 ventral
- Sensory papillae on head and tail – the forerunner of antennae
- No eyes – sight is not required for survival
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REPRODUCTION OF NEMATODES
- Dioecious - there are both male and female nematodes
- Fertilization internal eggs stored in uterus until deposition
- The last two are advanced characteristics
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Human Roundworm
SCIENTIFIC NAME
Ascaris lumbricoides
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DOG/CAT ROUNDWORM
IS KNOWN AS
Toxocara
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HUMAN HOOKWORM
ANOTHER NAME AND
WHERE DOES JUVENILES GO?
- Necator americanus
- BREAK OUT OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM TO ALVEOLI THEN OFF TO SMALL INTESTINES VIA TRACHEA.
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T OR F
TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS ARE PARASITIC TO HUMANS
TRUE
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Enterobius vermicularis
ARE PARASITIC TO HUMANS?
- YES
- ELEPHANT DISEASE
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MOST COMMON NEMATODE
PARASITE TO HUMANS
Ascaris lumbricoides HUMAN ROUNDWORM
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WHO'S CYCLE?
- Ascaris lumbricoides
- HUMAN ROUNDWORM
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WHERE DOES
HUMAN ROUNDWORM LIVE
WITHIN US?
- Adult live
- in the lumen of the small intestine.
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DOES ROUNDWORM REQUIRE 2 HOSTS?
NO
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DOES THE HOOKWORM REQUIRE 2 HOSTS?
HOW DOES IT LEAVE THE HUMAN HOST?
- NO.LEAVES THRU SKIN.
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DOES TRICHINELLA USE 3 HOSTS?
- YES
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WHAT PARASITE CYCLE HAS ONE HOST?
- PINWORMS
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Wuchereia bancrofti
(ELEPHANT DISEASE)
INTERMEDIATE HOST
DA MOSQUITO
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Wuchereia bancrofti
WHERE DO THEY MATURE
WITHIN HUMANS?
LYMPHATIC VESSELS
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WHO'S CYCLE?
- Wuchereia bancrofti
- THE ELEPHANT DISEASE.
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DO MOLLUSCA HAVE A TRUE COELOM?
- YES
- fluid-filled space within the mesoderm.
- Limited mainly to the area around
the heart and gonads
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HOW DO THE MOLLUSCA RESPIRE?
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IN THE MOLLUSCA, WHAT HOLDS THE ORGANS IN PACE?
- Mesentaries hold organs in place:
- provide stability with
- less crowding
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WHAT COVERS INTERNAL ORGANS WITHIN THE MOLLUSCA?
visceral peritoneum
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LABEL COELOM
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T OR F
In mollusks, the coelom is not highly developed and is limited to
the space around heart and gonads.
TRUE
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DOES coelomic
fluid transports nutrients and wastes in small organisms?
YES
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LABEL ALL 17 PARTS
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MOST ACTIVE REGION OF A MOLLUSCA BODY?
VENTRAL (HEAD-FOOT)
–Depends on muscular action for its function
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IN THE RADULA
teeth wear away from
the -----end new ones are
secreted from the
--------- end.
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THE CENTER OF THE RADULA IS KNOWN AS?
- ODONTOPHORE
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THE FOOT LOCATION AND FUNCTION ON A MOLLUSCS
- Foot is located posterior to the mouth and includes the following functions:
- Locomotion via waves of muscular contractions
- Attachment to substratum
- Siphon = modified foot - in the
- cephalopods (squid/octopus) provides jet propulsion
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VISCERAL HUMP OF A MULLUSCS:
DORSAL OR POSTERIOR?
NAME 6 ORGANS THAT ARE PART OF IT.
DORSAL.
- DIGESTIVE GLAND
- INTESTINE
- GONAD
- GILL
- HEART
- STOMACH
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2 MOLLUSCS THAT HAVE A CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
SQUID AND OCTOPUS
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DO MOST MULLUSCA HAVE A OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
- YES.
- SQUID & OCTOPUS ARE CLOSED SYSTEM.
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IN THE MOLLUSCS THE Mantle or ----- is a sheath of skin surrounding
soft parts of the animal.
pallium
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IN MOLLUSCS HOW IS THE Mantle or pallium FORMED?
It is formed by outgrowths of the dorsal body wall
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T OR F?
IN MOLLUSCS The mantle is equipped with sensory receptors for sampling
water.
TRUE
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IN MOLLUSCS DOES THE MANTLE FUNCTIONS IN GAS EXCHANGE?
YES
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IN MOLLSCS, WHERE ARE THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS?
MANTLE CAVITY
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IN MOLLUSCS, GIVE 4 DETAILS ABOUT THE MANTLE CAVITY.
Continual water currents bring in food, oxygen, flushes out waste, carries reproductive products out into the environment - Houses respiratory organs (gills or lungs) which develop from mantle
- Mantle and mantle cavity provide jet propulsion for locomotion in squids and octopus
Withdraw head and foot into mantle cavity which is protected by shell
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IN MOLLUSCS WHAT IS THE MAIN ORGAN FOR EXCRETION?
Metanephridia = type of nephridium which opens into the coelom
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IN MOLLUSCS, WHAT REGION IS THE RESPIRATION AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS LOCATED?
DORSAL VISCERAL MASS
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IN MOLLUSCS, Several pairs of ganglia with
connecting nerve cord ARE KNOWN AS?
NERVOUS SYSTEM
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Many mollusks have free-swimming larvae
called --------- that emerge from eggs.
trochophores
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THE REPRODUCTION OF MOLLUSCS.
WHAT TYPE?
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THE LARGEST AND MOST SUCCESSFUL CLASS OF MOLLUSCS
Gastropoda
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Snails,slugs, conchs
WHAT CLASS?
Gastropoda
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WHAT CLASS IS THE ONLY MULLUSKS TO SHOW TORSION?
Gastropoda
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Class: Gastropoda
SYMMETRY
- Basically bilaterally symmetrical but due to torsion
- (a twisting process that occurs in the veliger (larval) stage) the visceral mass becomes asymmetrical.
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IN THE Class Gastropoda, Torsion moves the mantle cavity from
---- TO ------
posterior to anterior
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DO CEPHALOPODS AND SOME SNAILS HAVE FREE SWIMMING LARVAE?
- NO.
- Cephalopods, some snails, and some bivalves have no
free-swimming larvae, instead the juveniles hatch from eggs
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Class: Gastropoda, WHAT DO THE LITTLE GUYS EAT?
- herbivores (algae), scavengers, carnivores; use radula, for most feeding styles, as a drill or
- harpoon
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Class: Gastropoda Excretory system?
single kidney (nephridium)
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Class: Gastropoda Respiration.
- gills (ctenidium) in water forms,
- gills are located in the mantle cavity;
- lungs in land forms (pulmonates)
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Class: Gastropoda REPRODUCTION
- dioecious and monoecious forms
- Some gastropods have a primitive form of reproduction –discharge sperm and ova into sea water where fertilization occurs
Most gastropods have an advanced form of reproduction with internal fertilization
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NAME 4 SENSE ORGANS OF THE Class: Gastropoda.
- eyes,
- statocysts,
- tactile organs,
- chemoreceptors
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Mussels,clams, scallops, oysters, shipworms
WHAT CLASS?
Class: Pelecypoda or Bivalvia
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IN Class: Pelecypoda NAME THE HINGE PARTS.
Hinge ligament causes shell to open - Adductor muscle causes shell to close
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WHAT OYSTER DO JAPANESE USE FOR THEIR PEARL CULTURE?
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A PEARL IS ACTUALLY AN IRRITANT TO THE OYSTER,
WHAT IS SECRETED AROUND IT IN THE OYSTER?
Nacre is secreted around irritant
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Class: Pelecypoda OLDEST PART OF THE SHELL IS CALLED?
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Class: Pelecypoda HOW IS THE FOOT ATTACHED TO THE VISCERAL MASS?
anteroventrally
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Class: Pelecypoda WATER EXITS THE SHELL HERE.
Excurrent aperture or siphon (dorsal)
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Class: Pelecypoda WATER ENTERS THE SHELL HERE.
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IN Class: Pelecypoda WHAT 2 ORGANS ARE INVOLVED IN GAS EXCHANGE?
Gills and mantle are involved in gas exchange
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Class: Pelecypoda DIET?
FILTERFEEDERS
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Class: Pelecypoda SEXUALLITY?
- Reproduction usually dioecious
- Marine bivalves – external fertilization
Freshwater clams – internal fertilization
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T OR F
Class: Pelecypoda HAVE A 3 CHAMBERED HEART?
TRUE
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WHAT CLASS IS KNOWN AS "HEAD-FOOTED"?
Class: Cephalopoda
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WHO IS THE MOST ADVANCED CLASS IN THE MOLLUSCS?
Class: Cephalopoda
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Squid,octopus, nautilus, cuttlefish
WHAT CLASS?
Class: Cephalopoda
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Class: Pelecypoda
DESCRIBE THE STEPS ON LOCOMOTION
Muscular foot is attached anteroventrally to the visceral mass - Foot extends between valves (shells)
Blood swells the end of the foot - Foot acts as an anchor
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Class: Cephalopoda
DIET?
PREDATORS
-
Class: Cephalopoda
DO THEY HAVE SHELLS?
Shell may be reduced in size, nonexistent, or internal as in the squid
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Class: Cephalopoda
------- region of --------
forms a ring of tentacles
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Class: Cephalopoda
Nautilus
---- pair of gills, tentacles
2
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Class: Cephalopoda
Octopus
--- pair of gills,----- arms,
no tentacles
1 pair of gills, 8 arms,no tentacles
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Class: Cephalopoda
Squid
-----pair of gills, ---- arms, ---tentacles
1 pair of gills, 8 arms, 2 tentacles
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THE SHELL OF A SQUID IS CALLED?
PEN
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DOES OCTOPUS HAVE A SHELL?
NO
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DESCRIBE THE SHELL OF A NAUTILUS
gas chambers for buoyancy so animal can carry its shell - Shell is divided into chambers by transverse septa
When animal grows it moves forward and secretes a new chamber behind it Animal lives in the last chamber
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Brain of ganglia coordinated by many nerve cells – largest
brain of any invertebrates; have giant nerve fibers.
WHAT CLASS?
Cephalopoda
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Eye: forms images; similar to vertebrate eye e.g., cornea,
lens, retina.
WHAT CLASS?
Cephalopoda
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CAN Octopi can discriminate shapes -
not colors?
TRUE
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Communicate by visual signals
(movement of arms, fins, body) or by color changes due to the chromatophores - the cells in the skin that
contain pigment granules; protective coloring under nervous and hormonal
control.
WHAT CLASS?
Class: Cephalopoda
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WHAT THE HELL ARE chromatophores?
cells in the skin that contain pigment granules; protective coloring under nervous and hormonal control
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DO MOST CEPHALOPODS, EXECPT THE NAUTILOIDS, HAVE INK GLANDS?
YES.
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Class: Cephalopoda
SEXUALITY?
Dioecious. Male plucks a spermatophore (contains sperm) from own body
and inserts it into the mantle cavity of the female, near oviduct opening.
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Class: Cephalopoda
Circulatory system?
Circulatory system: closed with heart, blood vessels, and capillaries
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WHATS BETTER? OPEN OR CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
- Closed system is more efficient than the open circulatorysystem of other mollusks
- Provides more efficient movement of oxygen throughout theirlarge and active bodies
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NAME TWO LINES OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF BILATERAL ANIMALS.
Protostomes and Deuterostomes.
-
DEFINE Protostomes.
Embryonic blastopore develops - into the mouth Anus forms secondarily
- Platyhelminthes are acoelomate protostomes.
-
IS THE Platyhelminthes acoelomate protostomes?
YES
-
DEFINE Deuterostomes
Anus develops from the blastopore - 2nd opening forms later in development gives rise to the mouth.
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DEFINE CEPHALIZATION IN FLATWORMS.
- centralization of nerves
- (a pair of cerebral ganglia) at the anterior end of the animal
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HOW ARE HUMANS INFECTED BY LUNG FLUKES?
- Humans are infected by eating poorly cooked crabs or by
- drinking water containing larvae freed from dead crabs.
-
THE LARVAL STAGES OF A FLUKE ARE KNOWN AS?
- Sporocyst: A larval stage in life cycle of flukes; it originates from a miracidium.
- Rediae: (ree-dee-uh) A larval stage in life cycle of flukes; it is produced by a sporocyst larva, and in turn gives rise to many cercariae.
- Cercariae: (ser-kair-ee-uh) tadpolelike larvae of trematodes (flukes)
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FLUKE ARE PART OF WHAT CLASS?
Class: Trematoda
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WHO'S CYCLE?
FLUKE
-
The chain of proglottids is called a......
strobila
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NAME THE 3 STRUCTURES ON A TAPEWORM
- IMMATURE PROGLOTTID
- MATURE " "
- GRAVID " "
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HOW ARE THE GRAVID PROGLOTTID RELEASED IN HUMANS?
- Ripe proglottids detach in the human intestine, leave the
- body in feces, crawl onto grass and are ingested by cattle.
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DESCRIBE THE EVO OF THE COELOM
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WHAT IS THE MUSCLE LAY OUT OF A NEMATODE?
Muscles in body wall run longitudinally only (not laterally).
-
DO NEMATODES HAVE A PROTONEPHRIDIA?
No protonephridia, instead they have a canal system or gland cells opening by excretory pore
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Necator americanus: Human Hookworm, WHAT END FORMS THE HOOK?
Anterior end curves dorsally = hook
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INFECTION OF HOOK WORMS WILL CAUSE THIS CONDITION
anemia
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THIS NEMATODE CAN BE FOUND IN ANY PART OF THE HUMAN BODY.
Trichinella spiralis.
Adults burrow into small intestine: females produce living young - Juveniles penetrate blood vessels and carried throughout the body
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Most common nematode parasite in US
Enterobius vermicularis: Pinworms
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WHAT NEMATODIC WORK CAUSE THE ELEPHANT DISEASE.
FILARIAL WORMS
-
EAT RAW VEGGIES FROM THE GARDEN AND YOU MIGHT GET THIS
- Ascaris lumbricoides.
- HUMAN ROUNDWORM
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HUMANS BECOME INFECTED BY HOOKWORMS WHAT 2 WAYS?
MOUTH OR SKIN
-
WHO'S CYCLE?
Trichinella
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WHO'S CYCLE?
DA PINWORM
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BESIDES THE LYMPHATIC VESSELS, WHERE ELSE DOES Wuchereia bancrofti SETTLE IN THE HUMAN BODY?
- Common places to
- settle are the arm, legs, and scrotum.
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DEFINE METAMERISM?
bodies are composed of serially repeated units
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NAME 3 PHYLA THAT SHOW METAMERISM
- Annelida
- Arthropoda
- Chordata
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EARTHWORM, WHAT PHYLUM?
ANNELIDA
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DESCRIBE THE "BRAIN" OF A ANNELIDAN
- Centralization of nervous system as cerebral ganglia.
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ANNELIDA HAVE WHAT TYPE OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
- Closed circulatory system: muscular blood vessels and aortic arches (hearts).
-
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WHAT ARE PARAPODIA AND WHO HAS THEM?
- side feet with bristles. ANNELIDA. MARINE WORMS.
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WHAT THE HELL IS A NEPHRIDOPORE?
WHO HAS IT AND WHATS THE FUNCTION?
- ANNELIDA. ONE PER SEGMENT.
Remove waste from blood and coelom; a double transport system. 
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WHAT IS THE HIGHEST FORM OF ANIMAL THAT CAN REGENERATE?
ANNELIDA
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CHITINOUS SETAE?
WHO & FUNCTION.
- ANNELIDA. EARTHWORM.
- BASICALLY BRISTLES.
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HOW IS THE CIRCULAR GROOVES OF A EARTHWORM FORMED?
- Segmented body – segments = metameres =somites
- Separated by septa (where peritoneum of adjacent segments meet)
Provides external markings: circular grooves - Repetitive arrangement of organs and systems within the metameres
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HEAD OF AN EARTHWORM IS WHAT END?
- PROSTOMIUM
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EARTHWORM CRAWL BY DOING WHAT?
- crawling motions are produced by PERISTALTIC waves of contraction by longitudinal and
- circular muscles passing down the body PUSHING THE ANTERIOR END FORWARD.
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EARTHWORM, WHAT CLASS?
OLIGOCHAETA
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IN EARTHWORMS EACH SEGMENT BEARS HOW MANY CHITINOUS SETAE?
4 PAIRS
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WHAT ARE TYPHOSOLE AND WHO HAS THEM?
DORSAL FOLDS WITHIN THE INTESTINES OF EARTHWORMS.
-
CLAM WORMS BELONG TO WHAT PHYLUM AND CLASS?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Polychaeta
-
LARGEST CLASS OF THE PHYLUM ANNELIDA
Class: Polychaeta
-
DEFINE POLYCHAETA
MANY LONG HAIRS
-
DOES THE Class Polychaeta HAVE PERMANENT SEX ORGANS?
- No permanent sex organs
- Separate sexes
Simple reproductive system: external fertilization.
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Phylum : Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
REPRODUCTION?
- Reproductive systems are simple:
- Gonads appear during the breeding season as temporary swellings of the peritoneum and shed their gametes into the coelom.
- Fertilization is external and the early larva is a trochophore.
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
the early larva is CALLED WHAT?
trochophore.
-
Class: Polychaeta
WHAT PHYLUM?
Phylum : Annelida
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
NAME THE 2 SUBCLASSES
Errantia: e.g. clamworm
Sedentaria: sedentary :Tubeworms
-
TUBEWORMS
PHYLUM
CLASS
SUBCLASS
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Polychaeta
- SUBCLASS: Sedentaria
-
DEFINE ERRANTIA
WHAT PHYLUM AND CLASS DOES IT PERTAIN TO?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Polychaeta
- FREE SWIMING
- JAWS
-
DEFINE SEDENTARIA
WHAT PHYLUM AND CLASS DOES IT PERTAIN TO?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Polychaeta
- sedentary
Secrete tubes and attach to rocks
-
FUNCTION OF A STATOCYSTS IN POLYCHAETA.
Statocysts for maintaining position of body.
-
WHAT SENSE ORGAN IN THE POLYCHAETA
IS MORE DEVELOPED THEN THAT OF THE Oligochaeta?
EYES
-
WHAT THE HELL ARE NUCHAL ORGANS AND WHO HAS THEM?
Nuchal organs: ciliated sensory pits or slits - Appear to be chemoreceptive
Class: Polychaeta
-
NAME THE CLASSES OF PHYLUM ANNELIDA.
- POLYCHAETA
- OLIGOCHAETA
- HIRUDINDA
-
WHAT CLASS ADD K AND P TO SOIL?
Class: Oligochaeta
-
BASICALLY WORM LIPS ARE CALLED
prostomium
-
WHAT SUBCLASS DOES A CHRISTMAS TREE WORM BELONG TO?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Polychaeta
- SUBCLASS: SEDENTARIA
-
FLASHBACK...WHAT DIGESTIVE ENZYME BREAKS DOWN POLYSACCHARIDES?
AND WHO HAS IT?
-
WHAT DO EARTHWORMS HAVE THAT ACTS LIKE A LIVER?
- Chloragogen tissue surrounds the intestine
- For synthesis of glycogen and fat
Similar to liver function
-
HOW DO EARTHWORM SYNTHESIS GLYCOGEN AND FATS?
- Chloragogen tissue surrounds the intestine
- For synthesis of glycogen and fat
- Similar to liver function
-
WHO HAS ELEOCYTES AND WHAT IS THE 2 FUNCTIONS OF IT?
- EARTHWORM
- They are found to accumulate around wounds and regenerating areas where they breakdown and release their contents into the coelom
- They are also are involved with excretion
-
Chloragogen cells, when full of fat, are released into the coelom and are called ----?
-
EARTHWORM CLASSIFICATION
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Oligochaeta
- (ol’i-go-keta)
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
CIRCULATION SYSTEM.
- double-transport system
- The circulatory system and coelomic fluid, together TRANSPORT
Dorsal vessel = muscular & 5 pumping AORTIC ARCHES. 
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
CIRCULATORY PATH OF BLOOD
BLOOD vessels ->Dorsal vessel -> 5 pair of aortic arches -> ventral vessel which serves as the aorta and delivers blood to
the brain and rest of the body.
-
EARTHWORMS HAVE Paired nephridia (metanephridia)
in each somite – except the ------ ---- ----- ---- – blood passes
through these
first 3 and the last 1 segments
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
METHOD OF EXCRETION
-
the waste of the aquatic oligochaetes IS WHAT?
Ammonia
-
waste of the terrestrial oligochaetes
UREA
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
DO THEY UTILIZE DIFFUSION?
YES. NITROGEN
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
RESPIRATION?
- Diffusion
- No special organs so they must stay in moist soil or in water
- Gaseous exchange through moist skin
- Co2 is released and O2 is picked up
- Numerous capillaries below the cuticle aid in gas transport
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
Impulses are transmitted much faster in giant fibers than regular nerves?
- YES.
- so that all the segments can contract simultaneously when quick withdrawal into a burrow isnecessary to escape predators.
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
NERVOUS SYSTEM?
- Consists of a central system (1pr of cerebral ganglia) and 1 pair of peripheral nerves or connectives
- Most annelids have 1 to several giant axons in the ventral nerve cord for rapid escape
- Giant axons allow for simultaneous contractions of muscles in many segments
-
WHO'S NERVOUS SYSTEM Consists of a central system (1pr of cerebral ganglia) and 1 pair of peripheral nerves or connectives.
Most have 1 to several giant axons in the ventral nerve cord for rapid escape.
AND Giant axons allow for simultaneous contractions of muscles in many segments?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Oligochaeta
- EARTHWORM
-
WHAT IS THE Prostomium PART OF AN EARTHWORM?
- first body segment in annelid worms. It is in front of (but does not include) the mouth, being usually a small shelf- or lip-like extension over the dorsal side of the mouth.
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Oligochaeta
REPRODUCTION?
-
Female genital pore IN A EARHTWORM is in somite #
14
-
Male genital pore OF EARTHWORM is in # ?
15
-
LEECHES CLASSIFICATION?
- Phylum : Annelida
- Class: Hirudinea
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Hirudinea
SEXUALLITY
leeches.
Hermaphroditic; clitellum is only present during the breeding season.
-
T OR F
LEECHES HAVE SUCKERS ON EACH END OF BODY.
TRUE
-
Phylum : Annelida
Class: Hirudinea
HABITAT?
- leeches. occur predominately in freshwater habitats, but a few are marine and some have adapted to terrestrial life in warm, most places.
- more abundant in tropical countries than in temperate zones.
-
WHAT SUBCLASS OF POLYCHAETA ARE FREE SWIMMING?
SUBCLASS: ERRANTIA
-
WHERE DOES THE COCOON FORM AFTER SEX ON AN EARTHWORM?
CLITELLIUM
-
The most important resemblance BETWEEN annelid and arthropod body structure.
metameric plan
-
Annelids share with the arthropods
TWO THING. NAME THEM.
- an outer secreted cuticle
- a similar nervous system
-
NAME A Lateral appendages of marine annelids.
parapodia.
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WHERE DO ADULT HOOK WORMS DEVELOP, MATE AND PRODUCE EGGS?
HUMAN SMALL INTESTINES.
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HOW TO YOU BECOME INFECTED WITH TRICHINELLA?
INGESTION OF UNDERCOOKED MEAT, PORK.
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WHAT NEMATODA Cause allergic reactions, intestinal blockage, peritonitis if intestine is perforated?
HUMAN ROUNDWORM
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NEMATODE SENSE ORGAN, DENDRITIC PROCESS, IS LOCATED WHERE?
- AMPHIDIAL PORE
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THE HYPODERMIS IS ALSO KNOW AS WHAT IN THE NEMATOES?
- MUSCLE WALL.
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BEEF TAPEWORM. HOW OFTEN ARE THE GRAVID PROGLOTTID RELEASED ?
DAILY. EVEN CRAWL OUT.
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HOW DOES THE Mature Proglottid HAVE A GROOVED APPEARANCE?
Muscle weakening causes grooved appearance
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AFTER EATING A FISH INFECTED WITH FLUKE,
IT GOES TO THE INTESTINES AND THEN WHERE DOES IT GO?
SWIMS UP THE BILE DUCT WHERE THEY MATE.
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