The flashcards below were created by user
cong10
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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ADD
attention deficit disorder
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ADHD
attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
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ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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CNS
central nervous system
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CVA
cerebrovascular accident; costovertebral angle
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DSM
diagnostic and statistical manual of metal disorders
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EEG
electro-encephalo-gram
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ICP
intracranial pressure
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OCD
obsessive-compulsive disorder
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PET
positron emission tomography
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PNS
peripheral nervous system
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TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
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TIA
transient ischemic attack
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widespread in CNS and PNS; best known and most studied of the neurotransmitters
acetylcholine
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involved in attention and consciousness, control of body temp, and regulation of pituitary gland secretion
- nor-epinephrine
- class = biogenic amine
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uncertain functions
- epinephrine
- class = biogenic amine
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regulation of subconscious motor function; receptor abnormalities have been linked to development of schizoprenia
- dopamine
- class = biogenic amine
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important in emotional states, moods, and body temp; several illicit hallucinogenic drugs such as ecstacy, target these receptors
- seratonin
- class = biogenic amine
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receptors are primarily on presynaptic membranes; functions in sexual arousal, pain threshold, pituitary hormone secretion, thirst and BP control
- histamine
- class = biogenic amine
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impt in memory and learning; most impt excitatory NT in the brain
- glutamate
- class = amino acid - excitatory
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used by pyramidal cells that provide voluntary motor control over skeletal muscles
- aspartate
- class = amino acid - excitatory
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direct effects - open chloride channels; indirect effect - open potassium channels and block entry of calcium
- GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid
- class = amino acid - inhibitory
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produces postsynaptic inhibition, the poison strychnine produces fatal convulsions by blocking these receptors
- glycine
- class = amino acid - inhibitory
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impt in pain pathway, regulation of pituitary gland function, control of digestive tract reflexes
- substance P
- class = neuropeptide
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stimulates appetite and food intake
- neuropeptide Y
- class = neuropeptide
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pain control; emotional and behavioral effects poorly understood
- opioids - dynorphin, endomorphin, enkephalins, endorphins
- class = neuropeptide
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produces drowsiness, stimulatory effect on caffeine is due to inhibition of this activity
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numerous, complex, and incompletely understood
hormones: ADH, oxytocin, insulin, glucagon, secretin, CCK, GIP, VIP, inhibins, ANP, BNP and many others
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localized and function poorly understood
- carbon monoxide (CO)
- class = gases
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CNS (brain, esp at blood vessels) and PNS (some sympathetic neuromuscular and neuroglandular junctions)
- nitric oxide (NO)
- class = gases
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euphoria, drowsiness, appetite, receptors are targeted by the active ingredient in marijuana
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