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sweetpea281
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what are the two methods of examination?
- direct observation
- palpation
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what are the four types of palpation?
- digital
- bidigital
- bimanual
- bilateral
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use of a single finger (example: index finger applied to inner border of mandible beneath the canine-premolar area to determine the presence of a torus mandibularis)
digital
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use of finger and thumb of the same hand (example: palpation of the lips)
bidigital
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use of finger or fingers and thumb from each hand applied simultaneously in coordination. (example: index finger of one hand palpates on the floor of mouth inside, while a finger or fingers from the other hand pres on the same area from under the chin externally)
bimanual
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two hands are used at the same time to examine corresponding structures on opposite sides of the body. comparisons may be made. (example: fingers placed beneath the chin to palpate the submandibular lymph nodes)
bilateral
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what are six things you look for during observation of the patient?
- posture
- gait
- general health status
- hair
- breathing
- voice
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what are some things to look for when looking at the patients skin?
- color, texture, blemishes
- traumatic lesion, bruises
- eruption, swellings, growths
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whites of the eyes
sclera
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what do you look for when looking at the pupil
size
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flap of tissue anterior to ear canal
tragus
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inner border of ear
antihelic
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inflammation of lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
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what are some causes of lymphadenopathy
- infection
- viral infection
- bacterial infection
- cancer
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what is it called when the cancer goes from the lymph nodes to another part of the body?
metasitasis
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how many lymph nodes are in the body?
400-700
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how many lymph nodes are in the neck?
170-200
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what are three glads that are palpated?
- parotid glands
- submandibular glands
- sublingual glands
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what are four potential problems with salivary glands
- obstruction of flow
- inflammation
- infection
- tumors
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the thyroid glad is an _____ gland and is _____ shaped
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two types of disorders associated with the thyroid are?
- hyperthyroidism-enlarged
- hypothyroidism -too small
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The TMJ is a ______ joint that connects the ____ to the _____bone
- complicated
- mandible
- temporal
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piece of cartilage that keeps the skull and mandible from rubbing against each other
articular disc
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what methods are used to examine the TMJ
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_____ motions are the correct way to palpate and ____ fingers is incorrect
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when palpating healthy structures _____ is anything detectable
rarely
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what are you palpating for?
- shape
- consistency
- mobility
- tenderness
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what are the normal findings for lymph nodes of the head and neck
- lymph noes not detectable
- no tenderness
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where are the occipital nodes located?
base of skull
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where are the posterior auricular lymph nodes located
behind the ear
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what are notable findings of the salivary glands?
- swollen or enlarged
- firm, hard consistency
- tender
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on the boards if there is popping and clicking when is it notable?
if it is painful
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in the clinic if there is popping and clicking when is it notable?
always note it
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a ____ and _____ exam could save a patients life
head and neck exam
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the cervical lymph nodes lie above, beneath and posterior to the ______ muscle
sternomastoid
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____ ____ play an important part in body's defencse against infection
lymph nodes
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how many lymph nodes are located in the neck?
170-200
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what is the medical term for an enlarged lymph node?
lymphadenopathy
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which of the following structures is usually not assessed during the head and neck examination?
A.skin of the face and neck
B.ear drum
C.lymph nodes of head and neck
D.TMJ
B. ear drum (this multiple choice question has been scrambled)
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what is the largest salivary gland?
parotid gland
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the thyroid gland secretes hormones that?
control the body's metabolic rate
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what are six things that can be described when a patient has a lesion?
- diagram
- localized
- generalized
- single lesion
- multiple lesions
- coalescing
- size
- shape
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how do you measure the size of a lesion?
use probe
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